Oct.] flower-garden. 543 
ceed best in rather a warm dry soil and situation; but if the soil 
happens to be the reverse, the bed should be raised seven or eight 
inches above the common level, and in either case, it would be well 
to cover the bed with straw in case of severe frost, for the roots of 
these are more tender and subject to be injured by the severity of 
the winter, than either hyacinths or tulips. The bed should be 
formed rather rounding to cast off the wet, for which a good fall or 
descent should be in some convenient direction. The roots may 
remain two or three years in the ground without being disturbed; 
but then it will be necessary to take them up to separate their off- 
sets, which by being longer connected with the old roots, would cause 
them to blow small and weak. 
Double-Narcissus (Daffodils) consist of several varieties; they 
are hardier than the former, the Italian excepted, and may be 
treated in a similar manner, but are in less danger from the effects 
of frost. 
Jonquils, English, Spanish, and Persian Bulbous Iris; the three 
first, consist of several varieties, they may be planted from two to 
three inches deep, according to the looseness of the soil and strength 
of the bulbs, and treated in the same manner as the Polyanthus-Nar- 
cissus: they are all hardy. 
Crown Imperials, Lilies, Paeonias, and the Ornithogalum pyra- 
midale, or star of Bethlehem, should be planted now, if not done 
before, and covered about four inches deep; these do not require to 
be taken up oftener than once in two or three years, and then only 
to separate their offsets. 
Martagons (lilies with revolute petals) consist of many species 
and varieties, and may be treated as other lilies; they however make 
the best appearance in beds by themselves, and will grow stronger 
if the ground is well manured and the roots planted from five to 
six inches deep. The lilies called Martagons arc, the Lilium Chal- 
cedonicum, or scarlet Martagon Lily, L. Cateabai, or Catesby's Lily, 
L fwmfionium or Pomponian Lily, L superbum or Superb Lily, 
/.. Martagon^ or purple Martagon Lily, L. Canadense, or Canada 
Martagon Lily, and L. jafionicum, or Japan white Lily, with their 
varieties; the latter obtained by sowing the seeds of the different 
species. 
If not done in the preceding months, you should no longer de- 
fer the planting of spring crocuses, snowdrops, hardy Gladioluses, 
Persian Fritillarias, Erythroniums, Pancratium maratimum, Or- 
chises, Limadorum tuberosum, Snakes-head Iris, musk, feathered, 
grape, and other Hyacinths; the Scilla maritima, or officinal squill, 
Scilla peruviana, or Starry Hyacinth, together with all the other 
kinds of hardy bulbous, or tuberous-rooted flowers which you intend 
planting before spring. These may be planted separately in beds, 
or along the borders of the flower-garden and pleasure grounds, 
and covered from two to three or four inches deep, over the crowns 
of the roots, according to their respective size and strength, and the 
lightness or stiffness of the soil. 
In planting any of the above or other sorts in borders, observe 
that the lowest growing kinds are to be planted next the walks, and 
