IX. VIOLACEyE. 
47 
Viola. ] 
spur very short, lateral petals scarcely hairy, anther-spurs short 
and rounded, capsule glabrous. E. B. t. 444. 
Bogs and marshy grounds, less frequent in the south ; abundant in 
Scotland, and even at a very considerable elevation. 2/.. 4 — 7. — 
Flowers very pale blue with purple streaks. The petals are slightly 
hairy on one side at the base, but the lateral ones have not a distinct 
line of hairs. Anthers with the cells nearly parallel, not slightly 
diverging below as in the two following species. 
ff Stigma uncinate deflexed, convex above peduncles of fruit prostrate. 
2. V. ldrta L. (hairy V .); runners none, leaves cordate 
and as well as the petioles and capsules rough with hairs, 
sepals obtuse, lateral petals usually with a hairy central line, 
spur hooked at the end, anther-spurs linear-oblong. E. B. t. 
894. 
Woods and pastures in England, principally in a chalky or lime- 
stone soil. Rare in Scotland, and only in Dumfriesshire and on the 
eastern side. 2/.. 4, 5. — Stems usually several, short, decumbent 
at the base, but not at all sarmentose. Flowers pale, rather dingy 
blue, scentless. Nearly allied to V. odorata, and chiefly distin- 
guished by the want of runners, by the greater hairiness of the 
plant, the hairs on the petioles always spreading, and the spur of 
the corolla compressed and hooked, not channelled, and straight. 
Bracteoles usually inserted below the middle of the peduncle, some- 
times above the middle. The fowers of this, and several of the other 
species, are often destitute of petals. 
3. V .odorata L. ( sweet V.) ; stems with runners, leaves cordate 
and as well as the petioles and capsules pubescent or nearly 
glabrous, sepals obtuse, lateral petals usually with a hairy line, 
spur straight, anther-spurs lanceolate obtuse decurved. E. B. 
t. 619. 
Woods, banks, and pastures ; frequent in England. Very rare in 
Scotland, and perhaps only naturalized ; as woods near Slateford and 
Collington, Edinburgh ; Partick, Glasgow ; and near the Castle Rock, 
Stirling. Hedges between Killiney Hill and Bray, Ireland. 2|. 3,4. 
— Stems truly sarmentose as in the strawberry. Leaves and flowers 
from the crown of the root. Flowers deep purple, sometimes reddish- 
purple or lilac, often white, fragrant. Hairs on the petioles short and 
deflexed, rarely long and spreading as in V. hirta. Bracteoles usually 
inserted above the middle of the peduncle, sometimes about the middle 
or even below it. The white-flowered variety oftener than the purple 
one wants the hairs on the lateral petals, when it is the V. imberbis 
Leight., and sometimes, as well as the lilac variety, has the sepals 
ciliated. 
** Furnished with an evident stem, peduncles of fruit erect. 
4. V. canina L. ( Gerard's or Dog V .); primary stem short 
and bearing leaves only, lateral ones or flowering branches 
