56 
XIV. CARYOPHYLLACEvE : SII.ENE.E. \JDianthuS. 
14. Mcenchia. Sepals usually 4. Petals entire. Stamens and styles 
as many as the sepals. 
15. Cerastium. Sepals 4 — 5. Petals bifid. Stamens 4 — 10. Styles as 
many as the sepals. 
Ser-Ord. I. SILENE2E. Sepals united into a monophyllous 
calyx. Petals and Stamens hypogynous , inserted on the summit 
of a more or less conspicuous stalk to the Ovary. 
1. Dianthus Linn. Pink. 
Cal. monophyllous, tubular, 5-toothed, with about 4 imbri- 
cated opposite scales or bracteoles at the base. Pet. 5, clawed. 
Stain. 10. Styles 2. Caps, cylindrical, 1-celled. Seeds peltate. 
— Name derived from 'live, Ai oc, Jupiter , and avtioc, a flower : 
dedicated, as it were, to Deity itself, to express the high value 
that was set upon this charming genus of plants. 
* Flowers clustered. 
1. D. Armeria L. ( Deptford P.) ; flowers clustered fascicled, 
scales of the calyx lanceolate-subulate herbaceous downy as 
long as the tube. E. B. t. 317. 
Pastures and hedges ; not uncommon in England. In Angusshire, 
hut probably introduced. ©. 7, 8 — Stem 1 — 14 ft. high, branched 
upwards, downy. Leaves linear, opposite and connate, slightly pubes- 
cent, upper ones acute. Limb of the petals rose-coloured with white 
(not red, as mentioned in E. B.) dots, crenate at the margin. Flowers 
scentless. 
2. D. prdlifer L. ( proliferous P.) ; flowers clustered capitate, 
scales of the calyx ovate membranous about the length of the 
tube, outer ones acute inner ones blunt, leaves rough at the 
edge. E. B. t. 956. 
Gravelly pastures in England, rare ; Dover ; Selsey island, Sussex ; 
near Hampton-court ; near Norwich ; Hanby Castle, Worcestershire ; 
Ryde, Isle of Wight ; Hayling and Portsea islands, Hants ; Jersey. 
0. 6 — 10 Readily distinguished by its small, deep-coloured flowers, 
of which only one in a head expands at a time, and by the large, dry, 
brown, and membranous scales which envelope the calyces of several 
flowers. Limb of the petals ohcordate, notched. 
** Flowers solitary, one or more on the stem. 
3. D. * Caryophyllus L. ( Clove P., Carnation, or Clove Gilly- 
flower ) ; stem branched, flowers mostly solitary, scales of the 
calyx obovate submucronate much shorter than the tube, petals 
broad dentato-crenate glabrous, leaves linear-subulate grooved 
glaucous smooth on the margin. E. B. t. 214. 
On ruined walls in Kent, as on the castles of Deal, Sandown, Ro- 
chester, &c. If.. 7. — Few persons, seeing this plant as it grows 
