192 XLn. CAPKIFOLIACEiE. [ SambuCUS. 
corolla. Stigmas 3 — 5 and nearly sessile, or subcapitate at the 
extremity of a filiform style. Ovary 3 — 5-celled, several cells 
sometimes obliterated. Fruit generally a berry, 1- or many- 
celled, 1 - or many-seeded, crowned with the persistent lobes of 
the calyx. Albumen fleshy. — Shrubs or Herbs. Leaves opposite, 
entire and then without stipules, or rarely divided. Bark astrin- 
gent ; the flowers of Sambucus are purgative. 
* Stigmas 3, sessile. 
1. Sambucus. Cor. rotate. Berry 3 — 4 -seeded. Leaves pinnate. 
2. Viburnum. Cor. campanulate or funnel-shaped. Berry 1-seeded. 
Leaves entire or lobed (never pinnate). 
** Style 1, filiform, with a subcapitate stigma. 
3. Lonicera. Cor. limb irregular. Stam. 5. 
4. Linn.ea. Cor. limb nearly regular. Stam. 4, didynamous. 
1. Sambucus Linn. Elder. 
Cal.-limb 5-cleft. Cor. rotate, 5-lobed. Stam. 5. Stigmas 
3, sessile. Berry 3- or 4-seeded. (Leaves pinnate.) — Named 
from aay€vk-ii, a musical instrument, in the construction of which 
this wood is said to have been employed. 
1 . S. E'bulus L. ( du-arf E. or Dane-wort) ; cymes with 3 
principal branches, leaflets lanceolate, stipules foliaceous, stem 
furrowed herbaceous. E. B. t. 475. 
Way-sides, and in waste places, not uncommon. If. 7.8. — Stem 
2 — 3 ft. high, angular and furrowed. Leaves pinnate; leaflets serrate. 
Cymes large, terminal, purplish. Anthers large, purple. Berries 
spherical, black. — The plant has a fetid smell, and is violently 
purgative. 
2. S. nigra L. ( common E.) ; cymes with 5 principal branches, 
leaflets ovate or roundish, stipules obsolete, stem arboreous. 
— a. leaflets serrate. E. B. t. 476. — /3. leaflets laciniate. 
Woods, coppices, &c., frequent. — 0. Leicestershire, and near Ayr. 
h. 6. — A small tree, having the stems and branches full of pith. 
Leaves pinnate ; leaflets serrate or laciniate. Cymes terminal, large, 
cream-coloured, smelling unpleasantly. 
2. Viburnum Linn. Guelder-rose. 
Cal.-limb 5-cleft. Cor. campanulate or funnel-shaped, 5- 
lobed. Stam. 5. Stigmas 3, sessile. Ovary when very young 
3- celled, during flowering 1 -celled and 1 -ovuled. Berry in- 
ferior, 1-seeded. (Leaves simple .) — Name of doubtful origin. 
1. V- Lantdna L. ( mealy G., or Wayfaring -tree ); leaves 
elliptic with a cordate base serrate veined downy beneath, 
pubescence stellate. E. B. t. 331. 
