200 
sliv. valf.eianaceze. [ Centranthus . 
1. Centranthus De Cand. Spur- Valerian. 
Cor. 5-cleft, spurred at the base. Siam. 1. Fruit crowned 
with a feathery pappus. — Named from Kivrpov, a spur, and 
avBoc, a flower. 
1. C. * ruber DC. (Red S.) ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, spur 
much shorter than the tube of the corolla and twice as long as 
the ovary. Valeriana L. : E. B.t. 1531. 
Chalk -pits and old walls in Kent, Isle of Wight, &c. 2/.. 6 — 9. — 
Stem 1 ft. or more high, glabrous, slightly glaucous. Leaves entire 
or slightly toothed. Flowers fine deep rose colour or white, arranged 
in numerous unilateral cymose spikes. Its native country is the ex- 
treme south of Europe, and N. of Africa. 
[C. Calcitrapa Dufr. has been naturalized at Eltham in Kent.] 
2. Valeriana Linn. Valerian. 
Cor. 5-cleft, gibbous at the base. Siam. 3. Fruit crowned 
with a feathery pappus. — Named from valeo, to be powerful-, on 
account of the medicinal effects. 
1. V.dioica L. (small marsh V.) ; flowers imperfectly dioe- 
cious, root-leaves ovate-spathulate stalked, those of the stem 
lyrate-pinnatifid, fruit glabrous. E. B. t. 628. 
Marshy meadows, frequent. If.. 5,6 Rhizome creeping. Stem 
6 — 8 inches high. Leaves more or less serrate. Flowers of a pale 
rose-colour. 
2. V. officinalis L. (great wild F) ; stem sulcate stoloniferous, 
leaves all pinnatifid, leaflets lanceolate nearly uniform. E. B. 
t. 698. — a. petioles erecto-patent, leaflets 7 — 10 pairs dentato- 
serrate or entire. V. procurrens Wallr. V. angustifolia Tausch. 
— 1 8 . lower and middle petioles erect close-pressed, leaflets 
4 — 5 pairs dentato-serrate. V. sambucifolia Alik. 
Ditches, sides of rivers and moist woods, abundant. If. 6 — 8. 
— Roots tuberous, warm, aromatic, and employed in medicine ; cats 
are very fond of them, and their scent attracts rats. The leaves are 
much used by the poor as an application to fresh wounds, whence 
the common name of AU-heal. Whole plant 2 — 4 ft. high. In our 
British forms the stems are perhaps always solitary from each root ; 
but if V. uliginosa Wend, be also a var., they are sometimes tufted. 
Lower leaves on long footstalks. Flowers pale flesh-coloured. Fruit 
glabrous or pubescent. 
3. V. *Pyrenaica L. (heart-leaved F.) ; leaves heart-shaped 
dentato-serrate petiolate, upper ones with one or two pairs of 
small lanceolate leaflets. E. B. t. 1591. 
Woods in Scotland. If . 6,7. — It is peculiar to the Pyrenees, 
but much cultivated in gardens; and the seeds are easily transported 
by the wind. 
