202 
XLV. D1PSACACE2E. 
[ Dipsacus. 
f f Empty cells distant, obsolete or reduced to mere ribs. 
4. F. dentdta Vahl ? ( smooth narrow-fruited. C.) ; capsule 
ovate flattish and 2-ribbeci in front acuminate crowned with the 
prominent oblique unequally toothed cup-shaped limb of the 
calyx. — a. capsule glabrous, cup of the calyx small very ob- 
lique. Valeriana Sm. : E. B. t. 1370. Valerianella Morisonii 
DC. — 13. capsule clothed with spreading incurved rigid hairs, 
cup of the calyx small oblique. F. mixta Vahl. — y. capsule 
clothed with spreading incurved rigid hairs or glabrous, cup 
of the calyx large a little oblique. F. eriocarpa Roem. et Sch. 
a. Corn-fields and hedge-banks, not very common. Cornwall, 
Essex, Shropshire, and Cambridgeshire. N. Wales. Fifeshire. 
Jersey. — 0. Hedge-banks, near Halesworth, Suffolk; Yorkshire; 
Isle of Wight. Fifeshire. — 7. Ormeshead, Caernarvonshire. ©. 
6 — 8. — Flowers flesh-coloured, usually in panicled cymes. Fruit 
obpyriform ; convex on the back where is the larger and perfect cell, 
nearly plane in front where are the two abortive cells, and these are 
shrunk so as to form two projecting lines or ribs. The whole fruit 
is glabrous or nearly so in a. ; in 0. and usually in 7. it is clothed 
with patent incurved short hairs. In 7. the cymes are usually dense, 
but Mr. W. Wilson has satisfied us that it is merely a state of this 
species ; Mr. Borrer observes that it kept its peculiar habit six years 
in his garden. It is quite impossible, from Vahl’s description, to 
pronounce whether this or F. Auricula 0. be his F. dentala. 
Ord. XLV. DIPSACACErE Juss. 
Calyx-tube adnate with the ovary , surrounded by a scariose 
involucel closely investing the ovary and ripe fruit. Corolla 
with the limb oblique, with an imbricative aestivation. Stamens 
4 — 5; anthers distinct. Ovary 1-celled. Style 1, filiform. 
Fruit dry, indehiscent, 1-celled, with one pendulous seed, crowned 
with the pappus-like calyx. Albumen fleshy . — Mostly herba- 
ceous plants, with opposite or whorled leaves. Flowers pedicellate , 
collected into a dense head which is surrounded by a many-leaved 
involucre. Nearly allied to the Compositae. The fuller's teasel 
consists of the heads, with uncinate spines, of Dipsacus FuUonum. 
1. Dipsacus. Receptacle with spinous scales. Cal.-limb cup-shaped. 
Fruit with 8 depressions. 
2. Scabiosa. Receptacle scaly. Cal.-limb of 4-5 bristles. 
3. Knautia. Receptacle hairy (not scaly). Cal.-limb cup-shaped. 
Fruit with 4 depressions. 
1. Dipsacus Linn. Teasel. 
Receptacle with spinous scales. Involucel with a thickened 
limb, forming a crown to the ovary. CW.-limb cup-shaped. Stam. 
distinct, about equal. Fruit 4-anglcd, with 8 pores or depres- 
