208 
xl vi. composite: cichoracea 2 . [ Tragopogon . 
***** Pappus of the florets of the disk pilose. Heads heterogamous with a 
conspicuous ligulate ray. 
f Anthers almost naked at the base. 
J Florets of the ray with a pilose pappus. 
34. Tussilago. Florets of the ray in many rows. Invol. nearly simple. 
Achenes terete. (Florets homoehromous.) 
35. Erigeron. Florets of the ray in several rows. Invol. evidently 
imbricated. Achenes compressed. (Florets heterochromous.) 
36. Aster. Florets of the ray many in a single row. Invol. imbricated. 
Achenes compressed. (Florets heterochromous.) 
37. Solidago. Florets of the ray few (about 5) in a single row. Invol. 
much imbricated. Achenes terete. 
38. Senecio. Florets of the ray in a single row. Invol. subcylindrical, 
of one row of equal scales, with or without smaller ones at its base. 
Achenes terete. 
JJ Florets of the ray without a pappus. 
39. Doronicum. Scales of the invol. of 2 — 3 rows, nearly equal. 
Achenes terete. 
■ft Anthers with 2 bristles at the base. Florets of the ray in a single row. 
40. Inula. Pappus in a single row, pilose. 
41. Pulicaria. Pappus in 2 rows; outer row short, cup-like, mem- 
branous, toothed ; inner pilose. 
2. Fertile florets without cor. Heads dioecious. Fertile invol. prickly. 
47. Xantiuum. Monoecious. Fertile invol. 2-flowered. Pappus 0. 
Tribe I. Cichorace.t;. Chicory or Lettuce Tribe. 
(Tab. III. A.) 
All the florets with ligulate corollas and perfect (having both 
stamens and pistils). Style not swollen beneath its branches. 
Gen. 1— 15. 1 
* Pappus of all or of the central florets plumose. (Gen. 1 — 6.) 
1. Tragopogon Linn. Goat’s-beard. 
Achenes longitudinally striate, beaked. Pappus feathery. 
Recept. naked. Invol. simple, of 8 — 10 scales united at the base. 
— Named from to ay or, & goat, and -wywv, a beard; from the 
beautifully bearded fruit. 
1 At Tab III. A. is a very familiar example of this group in the Dandelion 
( Leontodon Taraxacum ), where all the flowers or florets (f. 2.) are ligulate or strap- 
shaped and perfect. 
Fig. 1 . Head of flowers in bud, the young involucre alone being visible. 
Fig. 2. A single flower or floret, removed from the receptacle, showing (at a) 
the ligulate corolla; ( b ) the germen (ovary or young fruit) covered with the tube 
of the calyx, which is lengthened above, in a curious manner, into a little stalk or 
beak, and crowned with the pappus or seed-down, which is, in fact, the limb or 
free portion of the calyx, within which the corolla is inserted ; (c) the stamens, the 
filaments of which are inserted into the lower or tubular portion of the corolla, 
and the five anthers are united into a tube around the style ; (d) the style con- 
tinued from the top of the germen, through the corolla arid united authers, di- 
