211 
Lactuca.~\ xlvi. composite: cichoraceve. 
Gravelly pastures and moors. If.. 7, 8. — In small starved speci- 
mens, the leaves are frequently runcinate. Scales of the involucre 
glabrous, or more or less hairy. The outer pericarps, which have 
scales for a. pappus, are often abortive and smooth ; the inner ones are 
beautifully striate and marked with raised dots. 
6. Hypoch(e'ris Linn. Cat’s-ear. 
Achenes striate, often beaked. Pappus feathery. Receptacle 
chaffy. Involucre oblong, imbricated. — Name from into, for, and 
\oipoQ, a hog ; the roots being eaten by that animal. 
* Pappus with an outer tow of scabrous hairs. 
1. H. glahra L. ( smooth C.) ; nearly glabrous, involucre ob- 
long regularly imbricated equalling the florets, achenes of the 
central florets beaked, stem branched somewhat leafy, radical 
leaves dentato-sinuate. — a. achenes of the circumference with- 
out a beak. E. B. t. 575. — ji. achenes of the circumference 
beaked. H. Balbisii Loisel. 
Fields and gravelly soils in many places, but not very common. 
— /3. In Kent and Shropshire. ©. 6 — 8. — Stem 1 ft. or more high. 
Leaves oblong, with a few scattered hairs. Flowers small, yellow. 
The var. f3. may be a distinct species ; but we have not seen British 
specimens, and our foreign ones are not sufficiently numerous to 
enable us to decide. 
2. H. radicdta L. ( long-rooted C .) ; stem branched leafless 
glabrous, peduncles with small scales, involucres shorter than 
the florets, scales acuminate, leaves runcinate obtuse scabrous. 
E. B. t. 831. 
Meadows, pastures and way-sides, frequent. % . 7. — Leaves all 
radical, spreading on the ground. Stem 1 ft. or more high. Peduncles 
a little thickened upwards. Flowers rather large, yellow. Achenes of 
all the florets beaked. 
** Pappus in a single row. 
3. H. maculdta L. (spotted C.) ; stem almost leafless solitary 
nearly glabrous, leaves obovate-oblong undivided toothed (spot- 
ted above), involucres slightly hispid. E. B. t. 225. Achyro- 
phorus Scop. 
In open chalky and limestone pastures, rare. Suffolk ; Cam- 
bridgeshire. Ormeshead, N. Wales. If.. 7, 8. — I. eaves almost 
all radical, scabrous. Stem or scape with one, or rarely 3 — 5, large 
deep yellow flowers and 2 or 3 small lanceolate scales or bracteas. 
** Pappus pilose filiform. (Gen. 7 — 13.) 
7. Lactuca Linn. Lettuce. 
Achenes much compressed, with a long beak. Pappus pilose. 
Receptacle naked. Involucre imbricated, cylindrical, few-flow- 
