218 XL vi. composite: cichorace^e. [ Hieracium . 
the plants of this section ; and we must carefully distinguish such 
from the primary or true stem. 
[We omit here H. dubium Huds. not Linn, as it is now quite 
uncertain what plant was intended; the description given by Wood- 
ward in With. Bot. Arr., and the fig. in E. B. t. 2332, both of gar- 
den specimens, belonging to H. stoloniferum W. et K., while Smith’s 
description in the Engl. FI. is taken from H. Auricula L. We 
also omit H. Auricula L. said to have been found in Westmoreland, 
the description and figure, E. B. t. 2368, given by Smith, being taken 
from a Swiss specimen of H. glaciate Lach. ] 
2. H. * aurantincum L. ( Orange H.); leaves entire obovato- 
lanceolate green with longish hairs and no stellate down on 
both sides, scape leafy near the base hairy bearing a corymb of 
many flowers, involucre blackish and hispid with black hairs, 
inner scales broadest obtuse, styles brown. E. B. t. 1469. 
Hilly woods in various parts of England and Scotland, but an 
outcast from cottage gardens, where it is common. If.. 6, 7 
Hairs long upon the upper part of the scape ; black at the base, as 
they are upon the involucre, mixed with black setae ; hence often 
called Grim-the- Collier . Flowers deep orange. 
B. Plants producing (in autumn) a tuft of spreading leaves 
around the root, which usually remain till the flowers are 
developed next year. Involucre interruptedly or irre- 
gularly imbricate, achenes short, truncate, striate ; hairs 
of the pappus unequal. Pnlmonarea. (Sp. 3 — 24.) 
3. 1 H. alpinum L. ( Alpine H .) ; green, stem one-headed and 
one- or more-leaved hairy or silky floccose, leaves hairy beneath 
usually with glands, radical and lower cauline ones (if large) 
stalked upper or small ones sessile, heads in bud drooping, in- 
volucre subcampanulate much but loosely imbricate clothed 
with long white grey or fulvous black-based silky hairs, outer 
scales subfoliaceous lax, inner ones acuminate, ligules hairy exter- 
nally pilose at the apex, styles yellow. E. B. t. 1 110. — a. radical 
leaves subglabrous above, stem hairy, involucre hemispherical 
its scales all lax. H. alpinum Backh. II. melanocephalum 
Tausch . — /3. radical leaves hairy on both sides, cauline ones 
bract-like, stem silky, involucre turbinate, its scales adpressed. 
H. holoserieeum Backh. 
1 We subjoin Mr. Backhouse’s first subdivision of this group, comprehending 
our 3rd and 4th species, with abridged differential characters of his species. 
a. Involucre shaggy or silky, outer scales lax, inner ones acuminate or acute. 
Ligules hairy externally more less pilose at the apex. Stem with one or 
few leaves or leaf-ltke bracts, floccose. Alpina. 
* Stem 1 - headed , styles yellow . 
3. H. alpinum Backh.; leaves subglabrous above, stem hairy. 
3^. H. holoserieeum Backh. ; leaves hairy on both sides, stem silky". 
** Stem 1- or few-headed, styles usually livid. 
4. H. eximium Backh.; radical leaves acute. 
4i>. H. calendulijlorum Backh.; radical leaves obtuse. 
