278 
LIV. OLEACEjE. 
iriex. 
1. ITex Linn. Holly. 
Cal. 4 — 5-toothed. Cor. rotate, 4 — 5-cleft. Stigmas 4, 
sessile. Fruit spherical, including 4 nuts. (Some flowers des- 
titute of pistil.) — Name supposed to be the same as Ulex, which 
see ; or perhaps a corruption of illex, enticing or alluring , in al- 
lusion either to the birdlime made of the bark, or to the fruit. 
1. I. Aquifolium L. (common IT.) ; leaves ovate acute shining 
waved with spinous teeth, peduncles axillary short many- 
flowered, flowers subumbellate. E. B. t. 496. 
Frequent in hedges and woods, especially in a light or gravelly 
soil, h . 5 — 8. — A small evergreen tree of great beauty, with 
smooth grayish bark. Leaves alternate, deep shining green, very rigid, 
the upper ones quite entire, the lower ones generally edged with 
strong sharp spines, a difference in the foliage which has not escaped 
the notice of poets. Fruit bright scarlet, sometimes yellow. 
Ord. LIY. OLEACEiE R. Brown. 
Calyx divided, toothed, persistent, sometimes 0. Corolla 4- 
cleft, valvate' in aestivation, occasionally 0. Stamens 2. Ovary 
without any hypogynous disk, 2-celled, cells 2-seeded : ovules 
collateral, pendulous. Style 1 or 0 : stigmas 1 or 2. Fruit a 
berry , drupe , or capsule , separable in two. Seeds with or 
without albumen. — Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, without 
stipules, simple or compound. — Olive oil is the expressed juice 
of the pericarp (not of the seed) of Olea Europcea. Manna is 
the concrete juice of Fraxinus rotundi/olia and other species of 
ash. The Jasmines yield a deliciously fragrant oil, and belong 
to the very closely allied order of Jasminacece, chiefly dis- 
tinguished by the erect ovules, unsymmetrical flowers, and 
corolla imbricated in asstivation, 
1. Ligustrum. Fruit flesh}'. 
2. Fraxinus. Fruit dry, winged at the extremity. 
1. Ligustrum Linn. Privet. 
Cal. 4-cleft. Cor. 4-cleft. Berry 2-celled, with the cells 
1 — 2-seeded. — Named from ligo, to bind; on account of the 
use sometimes made of its long and pliant branches. 
1. L. vulgure L. (Privet) ; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, panicle 
compact. E. B. t. 764. 
Thickets, and more frequently in hedges, h . 6, 7. — A bush, 
with opposite evergreen teaves, frequently used for fences, as the 
plant bears clipping. Flowers small, white. Berries black, globose. 
2. Fraxinus Linn. Ash. 
Cal. 0, or 4-cleft. Cor. 0, or of 4 petals. Fruit dry, inde- 
