288 
LIX. BORAGINACE^S. 
whether that and some other characters proposed in this genus do not 
depend on the nature .of the plant to which the individual is attached 
has yet to be tested. 
Ord. LIX. BORAGINACEiE Be Cnnd. 
Calyx 5- rarely 4-cleft, persistent. Corolla bypogynous, 
nionopetalous, most frequently regular, 5-cleft, sometimes 4- 
cleft, with an imbricative aestivation. Stamens 5, inserted into 
the corolla , alternate with its segments and equal to them in 
number, rarely more. Ovary 4- (rarely 2-) partite, 4-ovuled. 
Ovules pendulous. Style from near the base between the lobes of 
the ovary. Achenes 4, apart or rarely united by pairs. Seeds with- 
out or nearly without albumen. Radicle superior. — Herbs or 
Shrubs. Leaves alternate , without stipules, usually scabrous. 
Flowers generally in more or less compound unilateral and cir- 
cinate cymes ( presenting the appearance of spikes or racemes ). 
— The Boraginace^j are mild, emollient, and mucilaginous, 
sometimes slightly bitter and narcotic. The roots of several 
species afford a red dye. 
* Throat of the corolla not closed with scales or valves. 
1. Echium. Cor. irregular. Filaments long, unequal. 
2. Pulmonaria. Cor. regular, funnel-shaped. Cal. prismatic, 5-cleft. 
3. Lithospermum. Cor. regular funnel-shaped. Cal. 5-partite. Sta- 
mens included, filaments very short. Achenes stony. 
4. Mertensia. Cor. regular, funnel-shaped. Cal. 5-parted. Stamens 
protruded beyond the tube, filaments elongated. Achenes sub- 
drupaceous. 
** Throat of the cor. more or less closed with scales or valves. 
f Filaments bifid. 
9. Borago. Inner branch of filaments bearing an exserted anther. Cor. 
rotate. 
ft Filaments entire. Stamens included. 
X Scales subulate, alternate with the fi laments. 
8. Symphytum. Cor. tubular, campanulate. 
JJ Scales or valves obtuse. 
7. Lycopsis. Tube of cor. slightly bent, limb oblique. 
G. Anchusa. Tube of cor. straight; lobes straight (not convolute) 
in aestivation. Cal. in fruit equally divided, terete. Huts ovate, 
compressed, wrinkled. Flowers in leafy racemes. 
5. Myosotis. Tube of cor. straight; lobes convolute in aestivation. 
Cal. in fruit equally divided, terete. Huts ovate, compressed, 
smooth. Racemes leafless. 
10. AsrERUGO. Tube of cor. straight. Cal. in fruit compressed, un- 
equally 2-valved. Huts ovate, compressed. Flowers axillary, 
solitary. 
10 a . Echinospermum. Tube of cor. straight. Cal. equally divided, 
terete. Huts triquetrous, with muricated margins. 
11. Cynoglossum. Tube of cor. straight. Cal. equally divided, terete. 
Huts depressed, roundish-ovate, muricated. 
