294 LIX. BORAGINACEAS. \_AnchuSO... 
Reich.) by its stalked racemes. In M. stricta the pedicels are also 
shorter than the calyx ; but the flowers begin among the leaves, some- 
times from the very base of the stem; we believe, too, that none of 
them are yellow, and that they have a much shorter tube. “ In M. 
versicolor the flowers are first yellow, then they acquire a tinge of 
blue, and finally turn quite blue as the corolla shrivels. They also 
expand on the curled portion of the raceme while they are inverted, 
and by the time they become erect are shrivelled.” J. E. Bowman. 
6. Anchusa Linn. Alkanet. 
Cal. 5-cleft, or 5-partite. Cor. funnel-shaped, tube straight, 
its mouth closed with convex connivent scales, the segments 
straight (not twisted) in aestivation. Stamens included. Achenes 
depressed. Nuts concave at the base, seated on a hypogynous 
disk, free from the style. — Name : ayxovoa, in Greek, from ayxw, 
to constringe ; “ because any one chewing the leaves, and spitting 
into the mouth of a viper, will kill it,” ( Diosc .) by means of its 
(supposed) power of creating irritation and inflammation in 
the throat. (!) The roots of A. tinctoria yield a red dye which 
was used in former times to stain the face. 
1. A. * officinalis L. ( common A.)\ leaves oblong-lanceolate, 
spikes crowded unilateral, bracteas ovato-lanceolate as long as 
the calyx. E. B. t. 662. 
Waste ground, rare. On the Links at Hartley Pans, Northumber- 
land. Kilsyth and Arnbrae ; and at Uddingston, 8 miles from Glas- 
gow. If.. 6, 7. — Stem 1 — 2 feet high, rough and hispid. Cor. 
deep purple, the segments of the limb rather narrow. 
2. A. * sempervirens L. (evergreen A .) ; leaves ovate, lower 
ones upon long stalks, peduncles axillary, flowers subcapitate 
accompanied by two leaves. E. B. t. 45. 
Waste ground, among ruins, and by road-sides, in many parts of 
England ; perhaps wild in Yorkshire and Devonshire. Scotland, but 
certainly introduced. If.. 5,6. — Flowers of a beautiful blue. The 
shape of the corolla is, as Sir J. E. Smith observes, rather salver- than 
funnel-shaped ; and thus the genus is w'ith difficulty distinguishable 
from Myosotis, unless attention be paid to the achenes, and the aesti- 
vation of the corolla. Daily experience teaches that the more natural 
the families, the greater is the skill requisite for framing decided 
marks of distinction between the genera. 
7. Ltcopsis Linn. Bugloss. 
Cal. deeply 5-cleft. Cor. funnel-shaped, with a curved tube, 
the mouth closed with convex connivent scales : limb oblique. 
Stamens included. Achenes depressed, concave at the base, 
seated on a hypogynous disk, free from the style. — Named 
from X ukoq, a wolf, and oifn;, a face; from a fancied resemblance 
in its gaping flower to the head of a wolf. 
