392 lxxxi. ulmacejE. [ U'lmus . 
rianth ?) concave, entire, single-flowered, at first enveloping 
the ovary , afterwards persistent and enlarged. Perianth 0, ex- 
cept the scale. Embryo spiral. — Name: humus, rich soil, or 
mould; in which the plant flourishes. 
1. H. *Lupulus L. ( common H .): E. B. t. 427. 
Thickets and hedges in various places ; indigenous ? in the south of 
England. 2 /.. 7 , 8 . — Stems long, weak and twining, scabrous. 
Leaves petiolate, opposite, 3 — 5-lobed, serrate, veiny, rough. Flowers 
greenish- yellow. 
Ord. LXXXI. ULMACEiE Mirb. 
Flowers perfect or polygamous, not in catkins. Perianth 
membranous, inferior, campanulate, and 3 — 8-cleft, or 5-partite; 
segments imbricated in estivation. Stamens definite, inserted 
into the base of the perianth, as many as and opposite to its 
segments. Anthers 2-celled, erect in estivation. Ovary free, 
1 — 2-celled. Ovules solitary in each cell, pendulous or sus- 
pended. Stigmas 2, distinct, elongated. Fruit 1- celled, 1- 
seeded, indehiscent, dry, or drupaceous. Seed pendulous, with- 
out or with little (fleshy) albumen. — Trees or shrubs, with 
scabrous, alternate, distichous, stipuled leaves ; allied to Ilham - 
nacee, according to Bindley ; but if Celtidee be combined with 
them, they are scarcely distinguishable from Urticacee, of which 
they are probably only a Suborder. 
1. U'-Lmus Linn. Elm. 
Flowers perfect. Perianth persistent, with 3 — 8 divisions, 
campanulate or conical at the base. Stam. 5. Filaments straight 
in aestivation, not bending back elastically. Ovary 2-celled. 
Capsule compressed, winged all round (hence a samara.'). — 
Xamed, according to Theis, from the Anglo-Saxon Elm ; and 
Olm is still the Dutch, and Ulm the German word for this tree; 
but all these are derived from the Hebrew ul, to be strong, or 
vigorous, from the growth of the tree and quality of the timber. 
[The English species belong to the subgenus Dryoptetea Spach ; 
Pericarp subcvathiform-campanulate, equal, 4 — 6-cleft. Samara naked 
at the margin. Pedicels short, densely fascicled. Leaves serrate. 
Flowers before the leaves. — As in Rubus, Hieracium, and Salix, the 
numerous supposed species of this genus require to be much reduced; 
we shall follow Planchon in the Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 3. x. p. 272, and 
Phytol. iii. p 34.] 
1. U. *suber6sa Ehrb. (common E.) ; leaves shortly acuminate 
doubly or somewhat simply serrate, flowers (small) 4 — 5-cleft, 
segments ciliate, samara broadest above the middle glabrous 
shortly bifid at the apex, the seminiferous cavity chiefly above 
