422 
PETAL0IDEA5. 
arranged in a ternary manner ( or 3 n ), sometimes when 
in a double row the external one green and resembling a 
calyx. Embryo with one cotyledon , or if apparently 2 
they are alternate. Plumule and radicle either within 
the cotyledon, or lodged in a cleft in its side, or attached 
to its flat face. 
Sub-Class I. PETALOID EiE. (Ord. LXXXVIIL— CY.) 
Flowers never glumaceous, sometimes naked or nearly so (as in 
Araceae, Pistiaceae, Naiadacese, and Juncaginacese), generally 
with a more or less coloured perianth , the pieces of which are 
in a single or double whorl. 1 
Conspectus of the Orders. 
I. Ovary adnate with the tube of the perianth (inferior). 
* Leaves with parallel nerves and simple transverse veins. 
89. Orchidace.e. Flowers perfect, gynandrous; stamens and style 
united. 
88. Hydrociiaridace.e. Stamens free from the style. Three outer 
segments of the perianth herbaceous. — Floating plants. 
90. Iridace-E. Flowers perfect. Stamens 3, free from the style ; anthers 
extrorse. Perianth wholly petaloid. 
91. Amaryllid a c E/E. Flowers perfect. Stamens G, free from the style ; 
anthers introrse. Perianth wholly petaloid. 
** Leaves with netted veins. 
92. Dioscoreace.e. Stamens and pistils in separate flowers. 
II. Ovary superior, free, not adnate with the perianth. 
* Flowers perfect, containing loth stamens and pistils, and with a perianth. 
f Carpels and styles consolidated. Anthers introrse. 
94. LiLiACEiE. Perianth petaloid, conspicuous. Flowers scattered. 
103. Orontiace.-e. Perianth herbaceous and scale-like. Flowers on a 
spadix. Fruit baccate. 
97. J uncace.e. Perianth usually dry and scariose, sometimes herba- 
ceous and petaloid, but becoming dry when withered. Flowers 
scattered. Fruit capsular. 
f f Carpels united or distinct. Styles distinct or none, and the stigmas 
distinct. 
J Leaves reticulate with branching veins. Fruit succulent, many-seeded. 
93. Trilliace.e. Leaves not articulated with the stem. Stem simple, 
1-flowered. Flowers perfect. Outer 3 sepals or all herbaceous . 2 
1 Thus excluding the Grasses and Cyperaceous plants, where the stamens and > 
pistil are covered by alternate imbricate membranous scales or bracteas, hence 
glumaceous. 
- In the true Smilacece, to which the Sarsaparilla belongs, the leaves are stalked 1 
and jointed with the stem, stem branched, many-flowered, flowers imperfect, sepals 
ail petaloid, and the connectivum of the anthers is never prolonged beyond the 
cells. From the imperfect-flowered Liliacew they principally difler by the struc- I 
ture of the leaves. 
