Cdrex. J 
CVI. CYPERACEA2. 
521 
shape. According to Andersson this species becomes, at a considerable 
elevation, C. rot undata ; while C. vesicaria becomes C. saxatilis : this 
last we scarcely believe. 
65. C. vesicaria L. ( short-beaked Bladder C.) ; barren spike- 
lets 2 — 3, fertile 2 — 3 distant stalked cylindrical slightly droop- 
ing, sheaths none, bracteas foliaceous long, glume lanceolate 
much shorter than the fruit, fruit somewhat membranous broadly 
ovate inflated striate gradually acuminated into a subulate beak 
bifid at the point, stem acutely triangular. E. B. t. 779. 
Bogs and marshes, apparently most frequent in the north. If.. 
5,6 . — Stems 1^ — 2 ft. high, acutely angled. Leaves usually broad, 
sometimes narrow and involute. Fruit tawny, very large shining, 
much inflated, but not suddenly constricted. We possess what appears 
to be an abnormal state of this species, in which there are 6 spikelets 
all fertile, and all except the lowest one approximate. 
66. C. paludosa Gooden, (lesser common (7.) ; barren spike- 
lets about 3 with obtuse or slightly cuspidate glumes, anthers 
with a very minute point or pointless, fertile spikelets about 3 
cylindrical obtuse erect, sheaths none, bracteas very long foli- 
aceous, glumes narrow pointed or awned, fruit subcoriaceous 
ovate or oblong-ovate striate with a short usually bifid beak. 
E. B. t. 807. C. Kochiana DC. 
Banks of rivers and ditches, common. If . 5, 6. — Stem 2 — 3 ft. 
high, with rough angles. Leaves very broad, keeled, rough. Fruit 
compressed ; the beak sometimes entire at the point, according to 
Kunth. Stigmas occasionally only 2, and achene lenticular : Boott. 
Fertile glumes “commonly tipped with a brown rough point or awn:” 
Sm. In specimens from a brackish marsh between Largs and Wemyss 
Bay, in Ayrshire, we find usually only 2 stigmas and a linear oblong 
achene, blit Dr. Boott considers them as certainly belonging to C. 
paludosa; the barren glumes are apparently cuspidate from their being- 
much corroded, but when entire are quite obtuse; the fruit does not 
seem to ripen. 
67. C. ripdria Curt, (great common Cl) ; barren spikelets 
3 — 5 approximate with acuminate glumes, anthers tipped with 
a short awn, fertile spikelets 3 — 4 broadly cylindrical acute 
sessile or the lower ones stalked, sheaths none, bracteas very 
long foliaceous, glumes oblong pointed, fruit oblong-ovate with 
a short deeply bifid beak. E. B. t. 579. 
Sides of ditches and rivers, common. 11 . 5. — Larger than the 
last, with much broader leaves and spikelets. Fruit convex on the 
back, sometimes on both sides. Distinguished from C. paludosa by 
the acuminate glumes of the sterile spikelets and the conspicuously 
mucronate anthers. Mr. Bentham, however, considers all the cha- 
racters “ to be too variable to be relied upon as specific.” 
