544 
evil. GRAMiNE.®. \_Arrhenaiherum. 
curved glabrous except near the end, culms uniformly downy, 
root fibrous. E. B. t. 1169: Pam. Gr. t. 21. 
Meadows, pastures, and woods; common. 2/.. 6,7. — Much re- 
sembling the last in general appearance, but clothed with a softer and 
more abundant pubescence. 
20. Arrhenatherdm Beauv. False Oat-grass. 
(Tab. VII. f. 18.) 
Panicle lax. Spikelets laterally compressed, 2-flowered, with 
an upper rudimentary neuter one. Glumes 2, nearly equal;.} 
membranous, as long as the florets. Lower floret barren, tri- 
androus: glumellas 2; outer one with a long twisted geniculate I 
awn above the base. Upper floret perfect, triandrous: glu - 1 
mellas 2 ; outer one with a short straight bristle below the point. , 
— Named from apppv, male, and a6r]p, an awn. This genus has 
altogether the habit of Arena, from which it differs in the num- ! 
ber and structure of its florets. 
1. A. avendeeum Beauv. (common F .) ; leaves flat. Holcus 
Scop.: E. B. t. 813. Avena elatior L. — a. culm inconspicu- 
ously knotted at the base, its nodes usually glabrous. Pam. 
Gr. t. 25. — 1 8. bulbosum; culm with large knots or bulbs at the 
base, its nodes downy. Pam. Gr. t. 26. 
Hedges and pastures, frequent. Tl. 6,7. — The Arrh. bulbosum 
Dunal and L\nd\. (Avena nodosa of Cullum and /tv. precatoria Thuill.) 
is merely a variety with the lowest internodes of the culm much 
swollen, so as to resemble knots or bulbs. Culm 2 — 3 feet high. 
Panicle long, loose. Spikelets greenish-brown. 
21. Koeleria Pers. Koeleria. 
Panicle spike-like, subcylindrical. Spikelets laterally com- 
pressed, distichous, with 2 or more perfect florets. Glumes 2, 
unequal, membranous, keeled, shorter than the florets. Glumel- 
las 2, membranous, naked at the base ; outer one keeled, entire, 
pointed or with a straight subterminal bristle. Caryopsis free. 
— Named in honour of George Louis Koeler , author of a work 
on German and French Grasses, published in 1802. 
1. K. cristuta Pers. (crested K.) ; panicle interrupted below, 
outer glumella acute 3-ribbed, leaves narrow ciliate at the 
margins or hairy. Aira L. : E. B. t. 648. Airochloa Link : 
Pam. Gr. t. 19. 
Dry pastures; most frequent in the north, and especially near the 
sea. If. 6,7. — Culm 6 — 8 inches high, sometimes more. Leaves 
linear, short in dry places, but sometimes as long as the culm in damp 
situations. Leaves and spikelets very variable as to pubescence, being 
sometimes glabrous, sometimes villous. Glumes acute or slightly 
