558 
CVII. GRAMIKEAS. 
\Festuca. 
W 
t. 470: Tarn. Gr. tt. 58, 59, 60. — y. extensively creeping, 
culms usually tall many-angled and glabrous below the often 
broadish panicle, leaves of the culm flat at length sometimes in- 
volute. F. rubra L. : E. B. t. 2056. F. duriuscula var. 
Pam. Gr. t. 59, 60. 
a. Abundant in dry and elevated pastures. — 0. Pastures and 
waste ground 7 . Light sandy or rarely in wet places. Tf.. 6, 7. 
— Whole plant more or less glaucous, and having a purple tint in 
the spikelets. Hoot of a. much tufted and with scarcely any creeping 
rhizomes or suckers, with numerous, mostly short, often curved 
leaves, which afford excellent food for sheep in hilly situations; 0 . is 
less tufted and shows a greater tendency to creep; in 7 ., at least 
when growing in sand, there is an extensively creeping rhizome ; in 
/ 8 . and 7 . there is frequently also a lateral shoot or sucker from the 
rhizome ending in erect shoots with distichous leaves. Panicle of a. 
usually small and narrow, often scarcely 1 ^ inch long; in 0 . and 7 . 
it varies from 1^ to 4 inches long. Glumes nearly glabrous, scarcely 
half the length of the lowermost floret on the same side. Florets in 
all the varieties sometimes nearly glabrous, sometimes pubescent 
upwards or even hairy all over, terminating in an awn which very 
rarely exceeds half the length of the glumella and is often considerably 
shorter and sometimes obsolete. The two first varieties are fre- 
quently viviparous in mountainous situations. After a careful recon- 
sideration of these plants, we recur to the opinion, given nearly 40 
years ago in the Flora Scotica , that F. rubra is not distinct from 
F. duriuscula ; this is confirmed by the remarks made by Mr. Woods 
in P/iytol. iii. p. 261. 
** Root-leaves flat, broader than those of the culm. Bristle or awn 
( when present ) arising from below the summit of the outer glumella. 
Schedonorus Beauv. 
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f Ligule of the uppermost sheath prominent, obtuse. Outer glumella 
3-nerved. 
4. F. sylvdtica Vill. ( Reed F.) ; panicle subsecund much 
branched spreading nearly erect, spikelets of 2 — 5 acute awn- 
less scabrous 3-nerved florets, outer leaves linear-lanceolate. 
— a. leaves broad, florets 3 — 5. Poa Pollich : Pam. Gr. tt. 
44, 100. F. Calamaria Sm. : E. B. t. 1005. — iS. minor; 
leaves narrower, florets about 2. F. decidua Sm. : E. B. t. 
2266. 
Mountain woods, not uncommon. If. 7. — Culms 2 — 3 feet high, 
with broad leaves. Glumes narrow, linear-lanceolate, very unequal, 
smaller one single-nerved, larger one thickened at the margin and as 
if 3-nerved. Florets rather distant on the rachis. Outer glumellas 
lanceolate-acuminate, scabrous, often also denticulate on the midrib 
throughout. 
