VOCABULARY. 
403 
stems, calyxes, capsules, &c. have 
ridges running lengthwise. 
Angustifo'lius. Narrow-leaved. 
An nual. A plant which lives but one 
year. The herbage is often annual 
while the root is perennial ; in this 
case the plant is said to be perenni- 
al. 
Annula'ted. Having a ring round the 
capsules ; a3 in ferns ; or in mush- 
rooms having a ringed stipe. 
An'nulus. A ring. 
Anom alous. (From a, without, and no- 
mos, law) irregular, or whatever 
forms an exception to a general rule. 
The 11th class in Tournefort’s me- 
thod is called anomalce , including 
plants whose corollas are composed 
of irregular and dissimilar parts ; 
as, the columbine, monk’s hood, vio- 
let, larkspur, &c. 
Anther. (From anthos, a flower, so 
called as indicating its importance) 
that part of the stamen which con-; 
tains the pollen ; it is of various 
forms ; as linear, awl-shaped, heart- 
shaped, roimd, &c ; it is one celled, 
two celled, &c ; the anther of the 
Tritilaria (crown-imperial) has four 
cells. 
Antherid'ium. A mas3 of pollen. 
Anthcrif'erous. Flowers bearing an- 
thers without filaments. 
Anthus. (From the Greek anthos), a 
flower generally referring to the pe- 
tals only. 
Ant iscorbu' tics. Substances which cure 
eruptions. 
Apet'alous. (From a, without and pe- 
talum , a petal) having no petals, or 
corollas ; such flowers arc termed 
incomplete, such as arc destitute of 
either stamens or pistils are called 
imperfect. ■ 
Apetalce. A class formed by some of 
the ancient botanists including 
plants destitute of corollas. 
A pex. The top or summit. 
Aphyllous. (From a, without and 
phyllon, a leaf) destitute of leaves. 
Aphyl'lae is the name given by an an- 
cient botanist to a class of plants 
without leaves ; comprising garlic, 
rush, mushrooms, &c. 
Appen'daged. Having bracts, thorns, 
prickles, &c. 
Appres'sed. Closely pressed ; as leaves 
against the stem, &c. 
Approximate. Growing near each 
• other. 
Ap'terous. Without wings. 
Aquat'ic. (From aqua, water); grow- 
ing in, or near water. Aqnatica:, wnx 
an ancient name for a class includ- 
ing all plants which grow- in water. 
Ar'bor. A tree : a perennial plant, 
which rises to a great height, hav- 
ing a woody stem. Most trees 
spring from seeds having two coty- 
ledons : they are therefore called 
dicotyledonous plants. The stems 
of such plants are said to be exoge- 
nous , that is, growing externally, 
new layers of wood being eyery 
year formed under the bark, a- 
round the outside of the old wood. 
Palm trees are Monocotyledonous 
plants ; their stems are called endo- 
genous : that is, growing internal- 
ly and pressing upon the outer 
coats which become hard and com- 
pact. Tiic ancient botanists divid- 
ed plants into trees and herbs : but 
this distinction is too vague to form 
the basis of classification. 
Arbo'reus. Like a tree. 
Arbusti'vus, (from arbustum, a shrub) 
An ancient class of plant s containing 
shrubs, as the myrtle, mock-orange, 
(philadelphus,) &c. 
Arch'ed. Curving above, vaulted. 
Ar cuate, (from arcus, a bow.) Bent 
like a bow. 
Arena'rius. Growing in sand. 
Argen'leus. Silver coloured. 
Arid. Dry. 
A'ril (arillus). The external coat or 
covering of seeds which, drying, 
falls off spontaneously. 
Aris'tate, (from areo, to be dried), 
awned, ending, in a bristle. 
Aro'ides. So called from arum, and 
forming a natural family of plants. 
Arms (arma). offensive weapons. 
Plants are said to be armed, when 
they are furnished with prickles, 
thorns, &c. 
Aromatic. Sweet scented. 
Aromat'icae. The name of a class of 
Dioscorides, Clusius, Bauhin and 
some other botanists who have ar- 
ranged plants according to their vir- 
tues and sensible qualities. 
Ar row-form. Shaped like an arrow 
head, the hind lobes acute. 
Artic'ulated. Jointed; as in culm or 
stem of the grasses. 
