VOCABULARY. 
405 
C alyp'tra. The cap or hood of pistil- 
late mosses, resembling' an extin- 
guisher set on a candle. Although 
called a calyx, it is in reality the co- 
rolla of the moss closed. 
Calyx. From the Greek, signifying; 
a flower cup; in most plants it 
incloses, and supports (he bottom 
of the corolla. It is defined by 
Linnaeus to be the termination of 
the outer bark. 
Cam bium. The descending sap, 
which every year forms a new 
layer of bark and one of wood. 
It descends between the bark and 
the wood, so that the new wood 
is formed externally and the new 
bark internally. 
Campan ulale. Bell-form. 
Campes'tris. Growing in uncultiva- 
ted fields. 
Canes'cent. White or hoary. 
Capillary. Hair-form. 
Cap' Hale. Growing in heads. 
Capsule. A little chest; that kind 
of hollow seed vessel which be- 
comes dry and opens when ripe ; 
a capsule that never opens is cal- 
led a samara. 
Carcer'ular. (From career , prison.) 
a seed contained in a coverin»-, 
whose sides are compressed. One 
of Mirbel’s genera of fruits, in the' 
order Carcerulaires. 
Cari na. 1'he keel or lower folded 
petal of a papilionaceous flower. 
Car inated. Keeled, having a sharp 
back like the keel of a vessel. 
Carno se. Of a fleshy consistence. 
Carpos. From the Greek karpos 
fruit. 
Caryopliyl'leous. Pink-like corolla, 
having five petals with long claws, 
all regular and set in a "tubular 
calyx. 
Cal'kin. See Ament. 
Caudate. Having a tail; as in 
some seeds. 
Cau'dex. The main body of a tree 
or root. 
Caules cent. Having a stem exclu- 
sive of the peduncle or scape. 
Cau'line. Growing on the main 
stem. 
Cau'lis. The main herbage-bear- 
ing stem of all plants, called in 
French, la lige. 
Cell. I he hollow part of a pericarp 
or anther; each cavity in a peri- 
carp that contains one or more 
seeds is called a cell. According 
to the number of these cells the 
pericarp is one-celled, two-celled, 
three-celled, &c. 
Cellular. Made up of little cells or 
cavities. 
Ceno'bion. From the Greek, signi- 
lying a community ; one of Mir- 
bel’s genera of fruits. 
Cerion. A carcerulate fruit, forming 
one of Mirbel’s genera of fruits. 
Cerea'lis. Any grain from which 
bread is made. (From Ceres, god- 
dess of corn.) 
Cer’nuus. When the top only 
droops. 
Chaf fy. Made up of short mem- 
branous portions like chaff. 
Chan nelled. Hollowed out longitu- 
dinally, with a rounded groove. 
Cho rion, a clear limpid liquor con- 
tained in a seed at the time of 
flowering. After the pollen is 
received, this liquor becomes a 
perfect embryo of a new plant. 
Cic atrice. The mark or natural scar 
from whence the leaf has fallen. 
Cil'iale. Fringed with parallel hairs. 
Cinereous. Ash coloured. 
Cin'gcns. Surrounding, girding a- 
round. 
C ir'rose. Bearing a tendril. From 
Cir'rus, a tendril or climber. 
Clasping. Surrounding the stem 
with' the base of the leaf. 
Class. The highest division of 
plants in the system of Botany. 
Linnaeus divided all plants into 
24 classes; 3 of these are now re- 
jected, and the plants which they 
included placed in the remaining 
21 classes. The ancient botanists 
knew neither, methods, systems, 
or classes; they described under 
chapters, or sections, those plants 
which appeared to them to resem- 
bleeach other in the greatest num- 
ber of relations. 
