420 
VOCABULARY. 
Ton'ic. (Prom tono to strengthen) 
medicines which increase the tone 
of the muscular fibre. 
Toothed. See dentate. 
Trachea. Names given to vessels 
supposed to be designed for receiving 
and distributing air. 
Transverse. Crosswise. 
Trichot'omous. Three forked. 
Trifid. Three cleft. 
Trifoliate. Three leaved. 
Trilo bate. Three lobed. 
Triloc'ular. Three celled. 
Trun cate. Having a square termin- 
ation, as if cut off. 
Trunk. The stem or bole of a tree. 
Tube. Tlie lower hollow cylinder of 
a monopetalous corolla. 
Tuber. A solid fleshy knob. 
Tuberous. Thick and fleshy, contain- 
ing tubers, as the potato. 
Tubular. Shaped like a tube hollow. 
Tunicate. Coated with surrounding 
layers, as in the onion. [pear. 
Turbinate. Shaped like a top, or 
T win ing. Ascending spirally. 
Twisted. Coiled. 
u. 
lligino' sus. Growing in dampplaces. 
Umbel. A kind of inflorescence in 
which the flower stalks diverge from 
one centre, like the sticks of an um- 
brella. 
Umbelliferous. Bearing umbels. 
I narmed. Without thorns or prickles. 
Un'cinate. Hooked. 
Undue/ sus. Greasy, oily. 
Un'dulate. Waving, serpentine, gen- 
tly rising and falling. 
Unguis. A claw. 
Unguic'ulatc. Inserted by a claw. 
Uniflo'rus. One flowered. 
U'nicus. Single. 
Unilateral. Growing on one side. 
Urce'olate. Swelling in the middle, 
and contracted at the top in the 
form of a pitc her. 
V. 
Valves. The parts of a seed vessel 
into which it finally separates ; also, 
the leaves which make up a glume, 
or spatha. 
Variety. A subdivision of a species, 
distinguished by characters which 
are not permanent ; varieties do not 
with certainty produce their kind by 
their seed. All apples are but vari- 
eties of one species ; if the seeds of a 
sour apple be planted, they will pro- 
duce, perhaps, some sweet apples, 
some of a green colour, some red ; 
there are as many trees of different 
kinds of fruit, as there are seeds 
planted. The quince is a species of 
the same genus, or family, as the ap- 
ple ; but, the seed of a quince has 
never been known to produce an 
apple tree. 
Vaulted. Arched over ; with a con- 
cave covering. 
Veined. Having the divisions of the 
petiole irregularly branched on the 
under side of the leaf. 
Vcn tricose. Swelled out. See inflated. 
Vernal. Appearing in the spring. 
Ver'rucose. Warty, covered with little 
protuberances. 
Vertical. Perpendicular. 
Verticil late. Whorled, having leaves 
or flowers in a circle round the stem. 
Vesic'ular. Made up of cellular sub- 
stance, [evening. 
Ves'pertinc. Flowers opening in the 
Vil lous. Hairy, the hairs long and soft. 
Viola ceous. Violet coloured. 
Vires'cens. Inclining to green. 
Vir'gate. Long and slender. Wartlike. 
Vir'idis. Green. 
Virgul'tum. A small twig. 
Virose. Nauseous to the smell, poi- 
sonous. 
Viscid. Thick, glutinous, covered 
with adhesive moisture. 
Vitellus. Called also the yolk of the 
seed ; it is between the albumen 
and embryo. 
Vi t reus. Glassy. 
Viviparous. Producing others by 
means of bulbs or seeds, germina- 
ting while yet on the old plant. 
Vulnerary. From vulnus, a wound, 
medicines which heal wounds. 
w. 
Wedge-form. Shaped like a wedge, 
rounded at the large end, obovate 
with strajghtish sides. 
Wheel-shaped. See rotate. 
Wings. The two side petals of a pa- 
pilionaceous flower. 
Wood. The most solid parts of trunks 
of trees and shrubs. 
z. 
Zoology. The science of animals. 
Zo ophytes. The lowest order of ani- 
mals, sometimes called animal 
plants, though considered as wholly 
belonging to the animal kingdom. 
They resemble plants in their form, 
and exhibit very faint marks of 
sensatipn. 
