QUADRUMANA. 
59 i 
the larynx under the thyroid cartilage, and which fills with air when they cry out. Their tail is 
pendent, and takes no part in their movements ; [it varies in length from a tubercle to longer than the 
body.] They produce early, but are not completely adult for four or five years. The period of gesta- 
tion is seven months ; during the rutting season the external generative organs of the female become 
excessively distended [as in the Baboons]. Most of them [all] inhabit India [and its Archipelago. 
At least seven species have been ascertained, the most remarkable of which is] 
The Maned Macaque or Wanderoo {Sim. Silenus and leonina, Lin.)— Black, with an ash-coloured mane and 
whitish beard surrounding the head. [Tail moderately long, and slightly tufted.] Inhabits Ceylon. 
[The Bonneted Macaque {M. sbiicus), and the Toque {M. radiatus), have the hairs on the top of the head dis- 
posed as radii ; these, with the Hare-lipped M. {M. cynomolgus), have long tails. In the Pig-tailed Macaque 
{M. rhesus), this appendage reaches little below the hamsti’ings : it is shorter, thin, and wrinkled in the Brown 
Macaque {M. nemestrinus) •, and in the Black M. {M. niger, Ben. ; Cynocephalus niger, Desm., and of Cuvier’s 
last edition), it is reduced to a mere tubercle. The Black Macaque is wholly of that colour, with an erect tuft of 
hair on the top of its head j its native country Celebes.] 
The Magots {Inuus, Cuv.) 
Mere Macaques, which have a small tubercle in place of a tail. [According to this definition, the 
last-named species should be introduced here : the only known Magot, however, does not well range 
with the others ; its cranium is intermediate to those of the Macaci and Cynocephali]. 
The Barbary Magot {Sim. sylvanus, pithecus, and inuus, Lin.)— Completely covered with greenish-brown hair. 
Of all the tribe, this suffers least in our climates. Originally from Barbary, it is said to have become naturalized 
on the Rock of Gibraltar.* [This well-known species, in its wild state, is both lively and remarkably intelligent 
at all ages ; but, subjected to the restraint of captivity, becomes sullen and unmanageable as it grows up ; forcibly 
illustrating what has been stated in a note to the Ourangs.] 
The Baboons {Cynocephalus, Cuv.), — 
Together with the teeth, cheek-pouehes, and callosities of the preceding, have an elongated muzzle 
abruptly truneate at the end, where the nostrils are pierced, which gives it a greater resemblance to that 
of a Dog than of other Monkeys ; their tail varies in length. They are generally large, ferocious, and 
dangerous animals, of which the majority [all of them] inhabit Africa. 
[Some have the tail long and tufted, as the Gelada Baboon {Macacus gelada of Ruppell). — ^This has the upper 
parts covered with very long hair, of a pale brown on the head, shoulders, and rump, blackish on the back ; a 
dark medial line extends backwards from the forehead ; the extremities are black. A native of Abyssinia. 
The others have the hair grizzled or annulated. Such are the Tartarin Baboon {Sim. hamadryas, Lin.), of a 
slightly bluish ash-colour (grizzled black and white) ; face flesh-coloured : inhabits Arabia and Ethiopia. The 
Chacma B. {Sim. porcaria, Bodd. ; S. ursina, Penn ; ^S. sphyngiola, Herm.), which is black, with a yellowish or 
greenish glaze, particularly on the forehead; the face and hands black, and the adult has a large mane. From the 
Cape of Good Hope. The Anubis B. {C. anubis, F. Cuv.), is another huge Cape species, uniformly grizzled black 
and yellow ; the face black, and snout much elongated. The Sphynx B. {Sim. sphynx, Lin., and it would appear 
from descriptions, also, C. papio, Desm.), is likewise yellowish, more or less tinged with brown ; face black ; the 
cheek-tufts fulvous : inhabits Guinea. Lastly, the Babouin {Sim. cynocephalus, F. Cuv.), has a shorter tail, 
and coat more inclining to greenish ; also whitish cheek-tufts, and flesh-coloured visage.] 
The Mandrills — 
Are, of all the Monkey tribe, those which have the longest muzzle (thirty degrees t) > their tail is very short ; they 
are also extremely brutal and ferocious ; nose as in the others. 
The Mandrill Baboon {Sim. maimon and mormon, Lin.) — Greyish brown, inclining to olive above ; a small 
citron-yellow beard on the chin ; cheeks blue and furrowed. The adult males have the nose red, particularly at 
the end, where it is scarlet ; the genital parts and those about the anus, are of the same colour ; the buttocks are 
of a fine violet. It is difficult to imagine a more hideous and extraordinary animal. It nearly attains the size of 
a Man, and is a terror to the negroes of Guinea. Many details of its history have been mixed up with that of the 
Chimpanzee, and consequently with that of the Ourang-outang. 
The Drill {Sim. leucophoea, F. Cuv.)— Yellowish grey, the visage black ; in old ones the coat becomes darker ; 
[the white hairs on the belly are much elongated], and the chin is bright red. 
[Hideous as the animals of this genus appear, and disgustingly deformed to those who have only seen them in 
captivity, their adaptation to a peculiar mode of life is of course as exquisite as that of any other animal, and 
requires only to be understood to command an amount of admiration, which must lessen to a considerable 
* Pithecus is the Greek name for Monkeys in general ; and the one . species, all that Galen has stated respecting the anatomy of his 
of which the anatomy is given by Galen was a Magot, although I Pithecus. 
Camper thought it was an Ourang-outang. M. de Blaiiiville perceived j f The Ourangs will bear comparison. — E d. 
this mistake, and I have proved it by comparing with these two [ 
