CARNARIA, 
M. GeofFroy also separates from the Bats 
The Oreillards (Plecotus ), — 
Whieh have the ears longer than the head, and joined above the cranium, as in the Megaderms, 
Rhinopomes, &c. Their tragus is large and lanceolate, and there is an opercidum to their auditory 
orifiee. 
Fig, 18. — Ears or Plecotus auntus. 
The common species {Vesp. auritus, Lin.) is still more 
abundant in France than any of the Bats [and is equally 
plentiful in England], inhabiting houses, kitchens, &c. Its 
ears (fig. 18) are nearly as long as its body [more than double 
the length of the head; yet, when reposing (as shown in 
fig. 19), they are folded so as to be out of sight. Its peculiar 
shuffling gait, with the head raised, is different from that of 
the Bats with short ears ; and it may be tamed to hover around 
with familiarity, and alight upon the hand for insect food. 
Tlie PI. brevimanus, Jenyns, is merely the young ; but there 
are several exotic species.] We have also another, discovered by Daubenton, with much shorter ears, [now 
forming the equivalent division 
Fig. 19. — Plecotus auritus. 
Barbastelle {Barhastelhis, Gray)— 
The ears of which are moderate, united at base ; and there is a hollowed naked space on the upper 
surface of the muzzle, in 
which the nostrils are situ- 
ated ; but one pair of false 
molars to each jaw. 
B. Daubentonii, Bell, (fig. 
20,) is the only ascertained 
species. It is of rare occur- 
rence in Britain, and measures 
lOJ inches in extent of wing.] 
Finally, Nyeticeus^, Ra 
fin., [ ScotopMlus, Leach, 
PipistreUuSf Bonap.] , with Fig. 20.— Barbastellus Daubentoai. 
ears of medium size, and the simple muzzle of the Bats, has only two incisors to the upper jaw 
[which are widely separated, and close to the canines.] It does not otherwise differ from Vespertilio. 
The known species are from North America, [but others have since been discovered in the ancient continent, 
as N. Heathii, Horsf., from India, and another from Java. Mr. Gray, indeed, includes most of the European Bats 
in his Scotophilus ; but Temminck, who rejects Plecotus even, suggests, and I think with reason, that the present 
also is a superfluous division, based on insufficient characters. The Oreillards and Barbastelles are subordinate 
to Vespertilio, also Puria, F. Cuv., {Furipterus, Bonap.) which has the tail partly cartilaginous, Natalus, Gray, 
wherein the heel-bone extends the whole length of the interfemoral membrane ; Romicius, Gray, and Miniopterus, 
Bonap. Atalapha, Rafin., is said to have no incisors, Hypexodon, Rafin., to have incisors (of the usual number, 
six) in the lower jaw only ; Lasiurus has been applied to a small group with the interfemoral membrane hairy ; 
and, lastly, Pachyotus and Nyctalus, Bowditch, are divisions of no value whatever. It is to be regretted that 
naturalists cannot occupy their time more profitably than in coining supernumerary names. 
* Sometimes written Nycticejus . — Ed. 
