392 
ANNELIDES. 
like the antlers of a stag. This is the Terebella bicornes, Abeldg., and the Actinia or Animal-flower of Home. 
M. Savigny has made of it his subdivision of Serpules cymospires, v^hich M. Blainville elevates to the rank of 
a genus. 
M. Lamarck distinguishes the Spirorbis, the branchial filaments of which are much less numerous (three or 
four only on each side) ; their tube is of a tolerably regular spiral form, and they are mostly very small : such is 
S. spirellum, Pallas, and S. spirorbis, Muller. 
S ABELL A, Cuv. {AmpMtrite, Lam.) 
The same body and fan-like gills as in Serpula, but with the fleshy filaments adhering to the bran- 
chiae, pointed, and neither of them forming an operculum ; they are also not always present. Their 
tube appears oftener composed of granules of clay or very fine mud, and is rarely calcareous. The 
known species are rather large, and their branchial tufts are of an admirable delicacy and beauty. 
Some, like the Serpulce, have on the anterior portion of the back a membranous disk, across which pass the first 
pairs of their bundles of bi-istles ; their branchial pectinations are turned spirally, and their tentacles reduced to slight 
folds. They are the Serpules spiramelles of M. Savigny, and the Spiramilla, Blainville. A large and beautiful 
species inhabits the Mediterranean, with a calcareous tube like that of the Serpula, or orange-coloured gills, &c., 
the S. protula. Nobis, or Pastula RudolpMi, Risso. 
Others have no membranous disk on the foreparts, and their branchial pectinations form two equal spires, the 
Sabelles simples of M. Savigny. Such are Amphritite reniformis, Muller, or Tubularia penicillus. Id. ; also Tere- 
bella reniformis, Gmelin, together with the Amphritite infundibulum, Montagu, and A. vesicidosa. Id. 
Tliere are some with a double range of filaments on each pectination— the Sabella Astarta, Sav., such as S. 
ffrandis, Cuv., or S. indica, Sav., and the Tubularia magniflca, Shaw. 
Others in which one pectination only is twirled, the others being smaller, and enveloped within the base of the 
first. The Sabelles spirographes, Sav., as S. unispira, Cuv., and SpirograpMs Spallanzani, Mart. 
In some the gills do not form a simple funnel round the mouth, but numerous filaments, which are serrated and 
strongly ciliated on the internal face ; the silky feet of these are almost imperceptible— such is S. villosa, Cuv. 
Lastly, some have been described with six filaments disposed like a star — the Fabricia of Blainville. 
Terebella, Cuv., — 
Like the greater number of species of Sabella, inhabit a factitious tube, but which is composed of 
grains of sand, and fragments of shells ; their body has 
much fewer rings, and the head is differently ornamented. 
Numerous filiform tentacles, capable of much extension, 
surround the mouth, and upon the neck are gills of an ar- 
buscular, and not a fan-like form. 
There are several on our coasts which were long confounded 
under the name of Terebella conchilega, Gm., and which are 
mosty remarkable for having their tubes formed of large frag- 
ments of shells, the aperture having its borders prolonged into several 
small branches formed of the same fragments, which serves to lodge 
the tentacles. 
The greater number have three pairs of branchiae, which in those with 
branched tubes pass through a hole for the purpose; they are the 
Terebelles simples, Sav. 
Amphitrite, Cuv. — 
Are easily recognized by their golden-coloured spines, disposed 
in a comb-like series, or in a crown, in one or several ranges 
upon the forepart of the head, and which probably serve them 
for defence, or perhaps to crawl with, or to gather up the mate- 
rials for the tube. Around the mouth are very numerous ten- 
tacles, and on either side of the commencement of the back are 
pectinated gills. 
Some of them compose slight tubes, of a regular conical form, which they carry about with them. Their gilded 
spines form two comb-like series, the teeth of which are directed downwards ; and the intestine is very ample, 
and several times folded, being ordinarily full of sand ; they are Pectinaires of Lamarck, the Amphyctines, Sav., 
the Chrysodons, Oken, and the Cistena, Leach. Such, upon our coasts, is the A. belgica, Gmelin, with a tube 
two inches long, formed of small round granules of various colours. A much larger species occurs in the Southern 
seas, A. auricoma capensis, Pallas, the slender and polished tube of which appears as though transversely fibrous, 
and formed of a soft fucus-stem-like substance, dried up. 
There are some species which inhabit factitious tubes fixed to various substances. Their gilded spines form 
several concentric crowns upon the head, whence results an operculum that closes the tube when they contract 
into it, but which has two parts that can be spread asunder. They have a cirrhus on each foot. Their body 
Fig. 200. — ^Terebella medusa, in its tube. 
Fig. 201.— Terebella variabilis. 
