CliUSTACEA. 
424 
perate zones. Although vve have observed a very great number of individuals, we have never 
met with one carrying eggs. Their habits are entirely unknown. It is, however, beyond a 
doubt, that those species with powerful claws use them for the purpose of seizing their prey 
in the same manner as those Orthoptera which are named Mantes * ; and it is on account of 
this conformity that these Stomapods have received the name of Sea-Mantes. They were 
named Crangones, or Crangines, by the Greeks. 
According to M. Risso, they keep in deep water, in sandy and muddy bottoms, and couple 
in the spring ; but other species, forming our second family, being less favoured in respect to 
their natatory appendages, and having the body very flat and extended in its surface, are 
ordinarily found on the surface of the ocean, where they move but slowly. 
We divide the order Stomapoda into two families. In 
behind, covering the head (with the exception of the eyes and antennae, which are implanted upon 
tremity terminates in a point, and is preceded by a small plate terminating in the same manner. All 
the foot-jaws (of which the second pair is very large), and the four anterior feet, ai'e inserted close to 
the mouth in two lines converging inferiorly, in the form of claw-feet, with a single moveable and 
folded back finger. With the exception of the second pair of legs, all these organs are externally fur- 
nished at the base with a small pedunculated vescicle. The other feet, six in number, are linear, ter- 
minated by a brush, and merely natatorial : the third joint is furnished at the side and base with a 
slender appendage. The lateral antennae have a scale at the base, and the intermediate are terminated 
by three filaments. The body is narrow and elongated. The ocular peduncles are always short. This 
family comprises the single genus 
which we divide as follows : — 
In some species, the crustaceous shield [or carapax] is preceded by a small, more or less triangular, plate, situ- 
ated above the articulation which bears the intermediate antennae and the eyes. It does not cover the anterior 
portion of the thoi-ax, and is not bent down at the sides. The joint which serves as a footstalk to the peduncle of 
the intermediate antennae, as well as to the ocular peduncles and the exterior margins of the extremity of the 
abdomen, is exposed. 
Squilla proper, Latr., has the entire inner edge of the penultimate joint of the two great claw-feet furnished 
Gonodaotylus, Latr., has the channel of the great claws unarmed with points ; and the terminal joint is dilated 
into a knob at its base. The species are exotic. (Squilla chiragra, Fabr. ; Desmarest, pi. 43.) 
Coronis, Latr., has the body very narrow and depressed, with the terminal segment square and entire, without 
teeth or spines. The lateral appendage of the six hind-legs is pallet-shaped. [C. scolopendra, Latr., regarded by 
him as synonymous with Squilla Eusebia of Risso ; but the figure given by this author in his Hist. Nat. Europ. 
Merid., tom. v. pi. 4, has the terminal segment deeply toothed.] 
In the other species of this family, the carapax is slender, nearly membranous, diaphanous, entirely covering ; 
the thorax, bent down at the sides, prolonged in front into an acute spine, and advanced over the stem of the in- 
termediate antennae, and the eyes. This stem is capable of being bent downwards, and inclosed in the shield 
‘ Some other analogous Orthoptera (such as the genus Phyllium) resemble leaves. The Phyllosomse, Crustacea of the same order, ex- 
hibit to us the same analogy. 
THE FIRST FAMILY OF STOMAPODA, ~ 
Unipeltata, — 
The carapax forms only a single shield of a quadrilateral, elongated shape, generally widened and free 
common and frontal articulations), and at least the anterior segments of the thorax. Its anterior ex- 
SauiLLA (Fabr.),- 
with a narrow channel, denticulated on one 
side, and spined on the other; and the follow- 
ing Joint is sickle-shaped, and often toothed. 
The type (Cancer mantis, Linn.) is about seven 
inches long. Its great claws have at the base 
\ three moveable spines; and the terminal 
joint has six long and very sharp spines, of 
which the terminal is the strongest. The seg- | 
ments of the body, except the last, have six 
longitudinal elevated lines, ordinarily termi- 
Fig. 9.— Squilla Mantis. 
nating in an acute point. It is common in 1 
the Mediterranean. 
formed by the curve of the carapax. The posterior swimmerets are hidden beneath the terminal segment. 
