458 
Mr Brindley , Regeneration in Samia ailanthus. 
Regeneration in Samia ailanthus. By H. H. Brindley, M.A., 
St Johns College. 
[ Received 16 June 1902.] 
The subject of regeneration in Lepidoptera has in. only a few 
cases received systematic and experimental study. Reaumur 1 
seems to have been the first to investigate the effects of mutilating 
the larval legs on those of the imago, but the number of cases he 
described, as well as those of Melise 2 and Watson 3 , who made 
some observations on Sericaria and Dicranura respectively, are 
too few to throw much light on the extent to which the features 
of regeneration in lepidopterous insects compare with what is 
known regarding regeneration in other Insecta and in Arthropods 
generally. Newport’s 4 experiments on Aglais and the recent work 
of Chapman 5 on Liparis are much fuller, and furnish at least an 
indication that the results of a particular injury to the appendage 
of an insect with complete metamorphosis are much less constant 
than is the case in those Insecta and other Arthropoda which 
attain sexual maturity through a series of ecdyses. It is now 
fairly well established that the regeneration of an appendage of 
an Arthropod is a highly specialised process 6 . The new growth 
may be apparently the close counterpart of the normal, or it may 
be an alternative structure of specialised form, such as the 4-jointed 
tarsus of Blattidae and Phasmidae and apparently the few jointed 
antenna of some Collembola, or in exceedingly rare cases (two or 
three Malacostraca and doubtfully some Insecta) the new appendage 
may assume the form of another appendage with which it is in 
serial homology 7 . Setting aside the last- mentioned exceptional 
1 M6m. de VAcad. des Sci., 1712, p. 223, and 1718, p. 263, and Memoires sur les 
Insectes, 1734, p. 365. 
2 Ann. de la Soc. Entom. de Belgique, 1879, xxir., C. R., p. xcii. 
3 Entomologist, 1891, xxiv., p. 108. 
4 Phil. Trans., 1844, and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1847, xix., p. 145. 
5 Entomol . Record, 1900, xii. pp. 141 and 177. 
6 Brindley, for summary and bibliography, P. Z. S., 1897, p. 903, and 1898, 
p. 924; Morgan, “Regeneration,” New York, 1891; and Przibram, Arbeit. Zoolog. 
Institute, Wien, 1899, xi., Heft 2; Archiv f. Entwickelungsmech., 1902, xm., Heft 4; 
and Zool. Anz. 1902, xxiv., no. 661, for records later than P. Z. S. cited. 
7 Bateson, “ Materials for Study of Variation,” 1894, and P. Z. S., 1900, p. 268 ; 
Herbst, Archiv f. Entwickelungsmech., 1896, n. p. 544, and Przibram, Zool. Anz. 
xix., 1896, p. 424. 
