by those having a Greek inscription on one side, and a 
Pehlevi on the reverse ; Native designations, even in Greek 
characters, becoming substituted for the purely Greek 
titles ; whence the Greek characters are found to have 
continued in use even until the fourth century, in the 
provinces of Caubul and the Punjab. From the later Indo- 
Scythic coins, themselves the continuation of the purely 
Greek, the Hindoo coinage of Canouge has been clearly 
proved to have originated by Mr. Prinsep, in his invaluable 
Journal of the Asiatic Society, vol. 3, 4, and 5. The 
Parthians, who swayed these Bactrian princes, and who so 
long and so successfully opposed the Roman arms, made 
their first attempts 250 B.C. on, and held the Persian 
sceptre to A.D. 223, when Artaxerxes overthrew their 
power, and established the Sassanian dynasty, which 
reigned in Persia from this time to A.D. 632, when the Arabs 
invaded Persia. During this dynasty, the connexion of 
Greek physicians with Persia was continued, as some 
followed the Emperor Valerian, when he was taken 
prisoner in the year 262 A.D., by Sapor I. Greek phy- 
sicians were also sent with the daughter of the Emperor 
Aurelian, when given in marriage to Sapor II., who is 
said to have built the city of Jondisabour or Nisabur, in 
honour of his queen. It is related by Dr. Freind, that 
during the reign of Chosroes, and previous to the embassy 
from the Romans to Persia of Archindus, who was accom- 
panied by the pseudo-philosopher Uranius, " Damascius 
the Syrian, Simplicius of Cilicia, Diogenes of Phoenicia, 
and Isidorus of Gaza, &c, the greatest and most learned 
philosophers of the age, having an aversion to the 
established religion, retired into Persia.'" (1. p. 133). It is 
thought by some authors, that it was in consequence of 
the settling of the above Greek physicians at Jondisabour, 
that this became celebrated as a medical school, and that 
so many of the more celebrated Arabian physicians, as 
