8 
by the English ; while Vateria indira produces copal, and 
Dipterocarjms costatus, turbinatus, incomes, alatus, and 
probably other species, afford the balsam called Wood-oil. 
So many of the Guttiferce exude a gamboge-like substance, 
that we may safely conclude the officinal species, though 
unknown, to be of this family ; as also that the Officinal 
Rhubarb, though equally unknown, is yielded by a species 
of Rheum; and as the Umbelliferce give us Assafcetida, 
Galbanum, Opoponax, and Ammoniacum, we infer that 
they also afford us Sagapenum. 
The Cedrelacece are remarkable for their bitterness 
and astringency, accompanied frequently by an aromatic 
principle; and thence are endowed with febrifuge pro- 
perties. So Soymida febrifuga, with others, is reckoned 
in India a good stomachic and febrifuge ; the Khayn is 
similarly employed on the banks of the Gambia ; Cedrela 
febrifuga in Java, and Stvietenia Mahogani in the 
New World. As we thence get Logwood and Brazil 
wood, so from the Malayan Peninsula we have Sappan 
wood, all from the Ccesalpinece. Of the Memisperrnacece, 
Cocculus palmatus affords the well-known Columba 
root ; but in India, C. cordifolius is no less extensively 
employed as a tonic and febrifuge ; so the Brazilians 
employ Cocculus platyphyllus, cinerascens, and ovali- 
folius, for the cure of intermittent fevers ; as do the 
Malays in Eastern countries, C. peltatus, crispus, and 
Fibraurea. The Gentianece not only yield bitter roots 
and herbs in Europe, as gentian and centaury, but in 
the Himalayas they afford us Gentiana Kurroa as a bitter 
root, and the Cheretta as a herb. 
The Nima of these mountains is as bitter as the Quassia 
of South America, and both belong to the family of Sima- 
rubece. The Solanece are well known for their narcotic 
properties, as exhibited in several solanums, the henbane, 
