ornaments of different pillars in the same colonnade.* The 
resemblance, in the colossal sculpture and general appear- 
ance of the deities in the two countries, has also been 
frequently remarked. So striking was it to the Hindoo 
soldiers, who accompanied the expedition from India, 
that, scrupulous as they usually are, they did not hesitate 
to perform their devotions in the temples of Egypt, on 
recognising the characteristics of their own places of wor- 
ship. (Heeren. vi. p. 186. French edit.) The Sphinx is also 
found in India as in Egypt, (v. Eg. Antiq. 1. p. 125.) 
So also, at Naga, in the desert of Upper Nubia, south of 
Meroe, and to the east of the Nile : on one of the most 
ancient monuments, the god Amnion is seen in one place 
with the lion's head and ram's horns ; and in another, 
with two heads and four arms ; which Heeren remarks, 
is the only representation he is acquainted with in Egypt, 
which reminds us of Indian combinations. (Heeren. v. 133. 
Eg. Antiq. 1.171.) 
If we have hitherto drawn an argument from the pre- 
valence in these two countries of similar arts ; we may also 
draw an inference from the absence in both of others, 
with a key-stone, but by placing the stones in horizontal layers, in such 
positions and proportions, that the parts which are over a gateway or 
entrance, are in no danger of falling in ; the upper and irregular stones of 
the doorway are then chiselled into a circular curve, which has all the 
appearance of an arch without really being one." (Eg. Antiq. 1, p. 209.) 
Crude brick arches were, however, in use in Egypt about 1540 B.C. (v. Wil- 
kinson's Thebes, p. 510.) " But Strabo and Herodotus agree in saying, that 
the Indian caverns or excavations were justly presumed to be more ancient 
than the temples of Egypt." (Hoskings on Architecture. Encyc. Britt. 
7th Ed.) 
* These may be distinctly seen in the ancient Hindoo colonnade, near the 
foot of the Kootub Minar, near Delhi. The Mahomedans, instead of 
mutilating the columns, fortunately only concealed the numerous carved 
figures and rich decorations, with plaster. This was carefully picked out 
by Lieut.-Colonel Smith of the Bengal engineers, when employed by the 
Indian Government in repairing the Kootub Minar. 
