70 
THE AUSTRALIAN BEEKEEPERS’ JOURNAL. 
If foul brood appears in a good strong stock 
at the beginning or in the middle of the 
breeding season and good honey flow, and it 
shews itself by a few diseased cells among a 
much larger number that hatch out properly, it 
may be checked and probably cured by 
treatment, that is by disinfectants. After 
a fair trial of the medicated food systems we 
have found it in most cases unsuccessful and 
very troublesome. We, therefore, recommend 
the direct spraying' of the whole of the frames 
and combs with 1 in 400 carbolic solution, or 
the solution of salicylic acid, and in order 
that this may be effective every suspicious 
cell should have its cap scraped off. The 
advice of Mr. Root to scratch cappings of 
both brood and honey is thoroughly good, 
especially if the diseased cells form a large 
proportion of the brood comb, for without re- 
moving or opening the caps the disinfectant 
cannot penetrate to the putrid grubs. It is a 
peculiar property of phenol, that if the 
slightest particle comes in contact with the 
putrid contents of the cells it rapidly dries it 
up to a mummy, all the disease germs and the 
foul odor are destroyed, and the bees soon 
clean out the cells. It will he seen, therefore, 
how necessary it is to open cappings to admit 
the phenol to the cells and their contents. Of 
course some of the healthy brood will be 
killed, hut it is necessary to make a large 
sacrifice to cure or even check the disease. 
The above treatment should he repeated a 
fortnight after, and if the honey flow continues 
good all trace of the disease will probably 
disappear in three weeks after the first oper- 
ation, but even after that every suspicious 
eell should he opened and sprayed. 
This method will he found much more 
successful in spring and summer than in 
autumn, and in the latter season we prefer 
transferring the bees to a new hive, with 
foundation, and feed well with syrup, plain or 
medicated. 
(To be continued). 
APICULTURE IN ADELAIDE. 
It is generally understood that South Aus- 
tralia is considerably in advance of other Aus- 
tralian colonies in the matter of apiculture, 
not only we believe as regards t he number and 
size of apiaries, but also with respect to 
knowledge and experience in the industry, 
and a recent visit to Adelaide afforded us an 
opportunity of ascertaining to some extent, if 
such a conclusion was well founded. 
In the first place, the Jubilee Exhibition 
now open was searched for exhibits of api- 
cultnral products, of hives and the various 
appliances used in the prosecution of the in- 
dustry under the impression that an idea of 
the importance and extent to which beekeep- 
ing had attained would be in some degree j 
represented in the great show in which, so far 
as could bo ascertained, very few of the indus- 
tries of the Colony had been overlooked. In 
this expectation I was not disappointed, and 
one of the first stands that arrested my 
attention in the main building was a splendid 
stand of ostrich feathers, the produce of ostrich 
farming in South Australia, wherein was 
shewn by photographs, &c., many of the most 
interesting phases of this industry from the 
first emergence of the chick in the artificial 
incubator up to the feather plucking stage. 
Close alongside this was a splendid show of 
comb and extracted honey from the Eairfield 
Apiary, belonging to Messrs. Coleman & May, 
of Mt. Barker, about 40 miles from Adelaide 
(of which a description is given by Mr. Alfred 
Sayer, on page 38 of the present volume). 
The great piles of well filled and clean sealed 
1-lb. sections was a goodly sight, but the full 
Langstroth frames of comb, full of clear light- 
colored honey, every cell of which was sealed, 
the combs being so beautifully straight and 
even that the uncapping could be done by a 
machine, gave unmistakable evidence of an 
excellent bee locality and good management. 
The comb-honey in several forms constituted 
the summit of the pyramid of nectar ; the base 
was formed of packages of extracted honey, 
those in glass being bright and clean, of a pale 
amber color. The larger packages were tins 
holding probably from 20 to 60 pounds of 
honey. 
I tasted some of the honey a few days after 
and found it excellent, soft, mild flavored, and 
delicious. I believe it is chiefly gathered from 
eucalypti on the mountain sides. Mr. Sayers 
states in his description of the apiary that the 
principal sources “are blue gum, eucalyptus 
leucoxylon, and red gum, eucalyptus rostraia 
The blue gum is eucalyptus globulus and does 
not, I believe, grow in the mountains near 
Adelaide. 
The E. leucoxylon is the iron bark, and this is 
the tree I believe which produces the honey I 
tasted. Messrs. Coleman’s exhibit would have 
won a good place among the great honey 
exhibits in the late Indian and Colonial 
Exhibition where all the greatest apicultural 
countries in the British dominions competed- 
The next beekeepers’ exhibit I found was one 
by Mr. W alters of Flinders Street, Adelaide ; 
this was also in the main building against the 
south wall and between the central and eastern 
entrances. The exhibit consisted principally 
of beekeepers’ appliances and foundation with 
some fine samples of section and other honey. 
The case contained specimens of almost every 
one of the numerous tools and apparatus an 
enthusiastic beekeeper likfs to have about 
him. What attracted my attention chiefly 
was the array of various binds of Smokers, 
Binghams, Doctor, Conqueror, Little iVonder, 
&e., Clarke’s, Muth’s, and other firms, all well 
and many excellently made. Mr. Walters has 
a factory in Adelaide which I subsequently 
visited and of which I shall have a few words 
to say presently. 
