THE AUSTRALIAN BEEKEEPERS’ JOURNAL. 
105 
150 racks of sections are taken off and carried 
away. The sections are not removed singly, 
as we remove them. Captain Hetherington 
produces the largest quantity of honey in the 
States. He does not puff himself, and he 
never writes to any of the papers ; in fact, one 
seldom sees his name appearing anywhere in 
connection with honey-raising. He is one of 
the most advanced beekeepers, and the largest 
producer of honey with the least fuss I have 
ever seen. He has been at this work for 
thirty years, always keeping a little ahead of 
the generality of beekeepers. He is a good 
business man, and knows how to gratify the 
popular taste, having no difficulty in selling 
his honey. He uses sections the same as we 
do, and also separators. He says it would not 
answer his purpose to do without separators, 
as he requires every section to fit into a crate, 
because there is no time for delicate manipu- 
lations, he and his staff working at high pres- 
sure from early morning till late at night. 
Captain Hetherington drove us over to see 
Mr. Ellwood, who is also an advanced bee- 
keeper, owning 400 hives, and who goes in 
principally for 2-lb. sections. We also made 
the acquaintance of Mr. Van Deusen, who 
makes the beautiful flat-bottomed foundation 
so well known in this country. Fiom Captain 
Hetherington ’s we went to Boston, and other 
places. As I before explained, we were obliged 
to direct our steps northward owing to the 
high temperature. We therefore went to 
Quebec, Montreal, and other places, regretting 
that Mr. Pringle was too ill to see us when we 
stopped at Napanee. At Owen Sound we 
spent an agreeable time with Mr. McKnight. 
He has 200 hives of bees, and uses sections 
without separators. 1 saw a number of his 
sections ; they looked very nice, but some not 
quite so even as those that were produced with 
separators. I found, generally, in Canada 
that it was the practice to dispense with sepa- 
rator*, while in the States they were almost 
invariably used. The Canadians claim to pro- 
duce more honey without separators. After 
spending some time with Mr. McKnight, I 
went with him to visit Mr. Jones, and saw his 
works. He is the largest manufacturer of 
appliances in Canada, and has a 00-horsepower 
engine working the machinery for the con- 
struction of these articles. I "'as much in- 
terested by what I saw there. The business is 
conducted on a large scale. Hives are made 
in pieces, and stored away by the hundreds, 
and are supplied to purchasers by the dozen, 
the score, or the gross. Cases are made up of 
ten hives together. In Canada beekeepers 
work on a large scale, there being very few in 
a small way of business. They go in for it as 
a commercial undertaking; and, of course, 
taking iuto account the pasturage and the im- 
mense extent of their country, they can do so 
better than we can. While at Mr. Jones’ Mr. 
Corncil came and invited us, aud we spent a 
very pleasant evening together. The journey 
from London to Liverpool is only a question 
of a few hours, but travelling in America 
from one city to another generally occupies a 
great many hours. The country is not so 
populated as ours, and I found it necessary 
sometimes to make an excursion of 500 or 000 
miles from one bee-fann to another. On one 
occasion I went nearly 1000 miles to see the 
establishment of one honey-producer and 
foundation-maker, and that was of Messrs. 
Dadants', of which I shall say more hereafter. 
After inspecting Mr. Jones’ manufactory, bis 
400 hives, and his queen-raising arrangements, 
we went to Lake Superior, and from there 
through Michigan State to Lancing, where I 
stayed -with Professor Cook. He does not 
keep bees on a large scale ; be is more of a 
scientific beekeeper, and tries experiments 
with different hives, the results of each of 
which are kept separate. His object is to 
teacli entomology and beekeeping to the 
agricultural students, so as to enable them to 
commence that pursuit on leaving college. 
There are about 300 students at this Agricul- 
tural College, many of whom are interested in 
bees. On one afternoon Professor Cook asked 
me to take bis class of about forty students, 
and I am glad to tell you that by means of my 
microscope I was enabled to show them some 
things they had not seen before. They were 
generally well-educated and intelligent men, 
who, after leaving the college, go out as 
farmers. The time spent at the College was 
most agreeable, the Professor being a charm- 
ing and sterling man. While there 1 found 
my way to Mr. Heddon’s ; he seemed to me a 
very intelligent gentleman, very quick to seize 
an idea and appreciate the experience of 
others. He showed me his apiaries, although 
he was unfortunately suffering from bee 
disease, which affects him in a very peculiar 
way, namely, by producing catarrh, so that he 
cannot open a hive himself without being at- 
tacked by this complaint. However, as t was 
there, he showed me how the hives were ma- 
nipulated, the consequence being that lie suf- 
fered considerably all the evening. He showed 
me the handling of the shallow hives, and how 
easily it was to find the queen. I ascertained 
that he brought his bees through the winter 
very unsuccessfully, and had lost as many as 
from forty to fifty per cent-, in wintering. 
We discussed the merits of the Heddon 
and Stewarton hives, and in the course of 
conversation he stated that last year was a 
very poor honey season, which bore out the 
complaint of the Canadians who were over 
here in 1886. I cannot remember what be 
said was the average produce, but it was 
not more than 201 bs. a hive at any rate. 
I found in Ills district the honey season 
I had been very bad, whilst in some parts 
of New York State the reverse was the 
fact, Colbs. to 80lbs. per hive being an average 
yield expected; but there were other districts 
1 in which not more than lOlbs. to 151bs. were 
