50 PERMIAN FOSSILS. 
and the singular Holopus Rangii of Martinico, are the principal known forms remaining 
of an order the débris of which in many cases form entire mountain masses. 
Having existed so abundantly during former periods, it may be readily conceived 
that the order Cyinoidee comprises a large number of genera; but it is only the 
following one which it is the province of this Monograph to notice. 
Genus Cyathocrinus,' Miller, 1821. 
Diagnosis —“ A crinoidal animal, with a round or pentagonal column formed of 
numerous joints, having side arms proceeding irregularly from it. On the summit 
adheres a saucer-shaped pelvis of five pieces, on which are placed in a successive series, 
five costal plates, five scapulze, and an intervening plate. From each scapula proceeds 
one arm having two hands.”? (Miller.) 
Cyathocrinus, concluding from what is still known of its chrono-geological range, is 
decidedly a Paleozoic genus ; not bemg known to occur in any formations superior to 
the Permian. It is also found in the immediately underlying Carboniferous rocks. 
Cyathocrinus planus 1s the typical species. 
CYATHOCRINUS RAMOSUS, Schlotheim. Plate VI, figs. 15-20. 
PENTACRINITES FASCICULOSUS, Knorr. Schlotheim, Taschenbuch, p. 57, 1813. 
Encrini, Thomson. Annals of Philosophy, vol. iv, p. 417, 1814. 
Cur EncrinitE, Parkinson. Winch, Trans, Geol. Soc. Lond., vol. iv, p. 10, 1817. 
ENcrinites RAMosus, Schi. Akad. Miinch., pp. 20-24, pl. ui, fig. 8, pl. iii, figs. 
9-15 a, 6, 1820. 
— _— »  Petrefactenk., p. 330, 1820. 
CYATHOCRINITES PLANUS, Miller. Nat. Hist. Crinoidea, p. 85, 1821. 
PENTACRINITES RaMosus, Schl. Boue. Edin. Phil. Journ., vol. xii, p. 144, 1825. 
CYATHOCRINITES PLANUS, Miller. Sedgwick, Trans. Geol. Soc. Lond., 2d series, vol, iii, 
p. 120, 1829. 
Encrinites raMosus, Schl. Al. Brongniart, Tab. de Terr., p. 423, 1829. 
CYATHOCRINITES PLANUS, Miller. De la Beche, Geol. Manual, p. 385, 1831; Germ. 
Transl. ditto, p. 459, 1832 ; 3d Eng. ed. p. 572, 1833. 
ENCRINITES RAMOSUS, Schl. Op. cit. 
— — » Phillips, Encye. Metr., vol. vi, p. 615, 1834. 
CYATHOCRINUS PLANUS, Miller. Loe. cit. 
— — AB Morris, Catalogue, p. 51, 1843. 
_ — oe Geinitz, Gea von Sachsen, p. 90, 1843. 
ENCRINITES RAMOSUS, Schl. De Verneuil, Bull. Soc. Géol. Fr., 2™° série, vol. 1, 
p. 25, 1844. 
1 «The name of this genus is derived from KYAQOX, a cup.” (Miller, op. cit., p. 85.) 
2 Loc. cit. 
