ANIMALS. 55 
ones, in which state the basal outline does not exhibit any break where the aperture is 
situated ; on the contrary, it is nearly a true circle. Spirorbis globosus, with which 
this fossil has elsewhere been identified, is decidedly umbilicated, has a broad, rounded 
back, and a circular aperture—characters which widely separate both species from 
each other. 
Spirorbis hele occurs at Humbleton, attached to Productus horridus, Fenestella 
retiformis, and other foreign bodies. I found a specimen adhering to a Spirifer in the 
Breccia at Tynemouth. 
SPIRORBIS PERMIANUS, King. Plate VI, figs. 9, 9 a. 
SPIRORBIS HELIX, in parte, King. Catalogue, p. 6, 1848. 
(?) — OMPHALOIDES, Goldfuss. Howse, T. N. F. C., vol. i, p. 259, 1848. 
Diagnosis.—Smooth (?) ; depressly convex; with a wide umbilicus. 
The imperfect state of the specimens which I have examined of this species, and the 
difference, in geological age, between it and the Serpula omphaloides of Goldfuss, 
prevent my agreeing to the identification made in the above synonymy in the work last 
cited; and I am prevented, by another consideration, identifying either this or the 
preceding species with the Serpula planoriites, Minster, first published by Geinitz in 
his ‘ Geea von Sachsen,’ and afterwards represented in the ‘ Versteinerungen’ (pl. iii, 
figs. 1, 2). Unfortunately, the figures just quoted only represent the attached side of 
the fossil; it is therefore evident, that without having some knowledge of its free side, 
any identification would be both premature and unwarranted. Do not the figures of 
Serpula planorbites, in the ‘ Verstemerungen, represent the aperture on the wrong 
side ? 
Spirorbis Pernnanus differs from S. heli mm having a decided umbilicus, slender 
whorls, and in being depressed on its free side. 
I have only found specimens near Byers’ Quarry, north of Marsden rocks, in 
(? Rauchwacke) Limestone. 
Genus [/ograna, Berkeley. 
Diagnosis.—“ Shell very slender, filiform, gregarious. Branchie 8, filiform, of 
which two bear an infundibuliform, obliquely-truncated operculum. J/antle rectangular. 
Fascicles of bristles 7 on each side.” (Berkeley.) 
Although here introduced, the Permian existence of this genus is a subject of 
considerable doubt. Can the Serpula parallela of M‘Coy” be a Paleozoic form of it? 
! Zoological Journal, vol. v, p. 427. 
* Carboniferous Limestone Fossils of Ireland, p- 169, pl. xxii, fig. 30. 
