110 PERMIAN FOSSILS. 
Ropsen, in the Zechstein. The next notice we find of it has reference to its English 
locality, and is by Quenstedt, in 1835, who recognised specimens among the fossils 
collected by M. von Buch at Humbleton Hill. [tis also mtroduced by Mr. Morris in 
his ‘ Catalogue of British Fossils,’ as occurring in the latter place. 
Streptorhynchus pelargonatus occurs, though nowhere plentifully, at Humbleton Hill, 
Dalton-le-Dale, and Tunstall Hill, in the Shell Limestone ; and at Tynemouth Chiff, m 
the Breccia. Geinitz states that it is found in the lower Zechstein of Ropsen, Corbusen, 
and Schmerbach ; and in the Zechstein-dolomite of Konitz and Altenstein. 
Order SCLEROBRACHIA, Gray, 1848. 
Diagnosis.— ‘The oral arms” (more or less) “supported by a shelly band arising 
from the hinder or cardinal edge of the ventral” (dorsal, nobis) “ valve.” (Gray.) 
This Order, distinguished from the last by the character above given, comprises 
two families, both of which had several representatives during the Permian epoch. 
Fauily Hypotuyrip#, Morris, 1846. 
TEREBRATUL&, Auct. 
TpREB. PLICATH, Von Buch, 1833. 
TEREBRATULES PLISSkES (partim), Hudes-Deslongchamps, 1837. 
CYCLOTHYRIDZ (partim), Phillips, 1841. 
TEREBRATULIDE (partim), M’Coy, 1844, King, 1846. 
RHYNCHONELLID®, Gray, 1848. 
Diagnosis.—“ The oral arms are elongate, fleshy, supported at the base by twe 
short, hard, diverging, shelly laminze, arising from the hinge-margin of the ventral valve.” 
The members of this family have a decided approach in form to the ordinary 
Terebratulide, which has induced many authors to consider both as inseparable from 
each other; but the former differ from the latter in being generally radiately plaited, 
without a calcareous loop, and having generally “the beak acute, the perforation 
below it.” (Phillips.)* 
Mr. Gray was the first to distinguish the present group of shells, not only as 
regards separating it from its allies as a family, but to the extent of a sub-class,— 
1 Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2d series, vol. ii, p. 437. 
* Mr. Morris only considered the group bearing this name as a sub-genus. (Vide Quarterly Journal of 
the Geological Society, vol. ii, part. i, pp. 387-8.) 
3 Annals and Magazine of Nat. Hist., 2d series, vol. ii, p. 438. 
4 Dr. Carpenter places Hypothyrises in his non-perforated division of the Brachiopods; but punctures, 
though much more minute than those in Terebratulide, occur in every species that has passed under my 
observation. Punctures also occur in Productide and Spiriferide ; in short, I doubt their absence in any 
Brachiopod whatever. 
