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GENERAL FEEDERS 
GRASSHOPPERS (Acrididae) 
Illinois. W. P., Flint (September 23 ); Fall surveys to date show grasshoppers in 
about normal or subnormal numbers in the State. 
Missouri. L. Haseman (September 2l): A survey of adult-grasshopper abundance has 
been completed and, except for a few scattered areas, particularly in north- 
central Missouri and a few countires through the central part of the State 
south of the Missouri River, records indicate that grasshoppers are back to 
normal and not seriously threatening. Preliminary check-ups on egg abun- 
dance indicate that conditionfe have been favorable for egg deposition, and 
in a few counties where the pest has been most abundant a fairly heavy crop 
of eggs is expected to be carried over the winter* 
Arkansas. D. Isely (September): The red— legged grasshopper ( Melanoplus femur- 
rubrum Deg. ) has become the most numerous species during September. 
Oklahoma. C. F, Stiles (September 22): Population greatly decreased over the 
eastern half of the State by poisoning and by nat.ural enemies. In the 
Panhandle the migratory grasshopper ( Dissosteira longipenriis Thos.) is do- 
ing considerable damage. Flights of these grasshoppers have occurred since 
July 20 and they are now depositing eggs over a large part of the Panhandle. 
The species is generally distributed over the western .quarter of. the State. 
Some large egg beds already reported, 
Texas. F, L. Thomas (September 22); Grasshoppers, D, Carolina L. and M. differ- 
ent ialis Thos., abundant in Sudan grass in Hardeman County, 
Arizona, L. 0. Barnes (August 3l)* At Tempo, Maricopa County, the late nymphal 
instars and the adult stage of M. differentials caused severe damage, up 
to 60 percent, in a few alfalfa fields during the growth of the third hay 
crop enrly in July. Populations of 35 per square yard observed. Much feed- 
ing and considerable damage to the foliage of the fourth alfalfa crop has 
continued in certain areas during August, In one quarter-section the aver- 
age number of hoppers of this species increased from 3*46 per square yard, 
found during the adult survey in 1937, to 9«9 P er square yard in 1938. 
Migrations were not a factor in causing the change in population density. 
On August 25 two large alfalfa fields in the South Gila Valley, 6 miles east 
of _ Yuma, had mixed infestations of adults of M. mexicanus Sauss. and M, 
-d.if 1 o r ent ialis . the hopper populations being estimated at six and eight per 
yard, respectively. In a 300-acre tract of alfalfa located 12 miles east 
of Yuma, Yuma County, a third general hatch of M. .mexicanus was well under 
way on August 24_25* Populations of first— and second— instar nymphs ranged 
from 1 to 25 per square yard. No early instar nymphs were present on 
August 2. Rainfall for the 3— day period August 5—7 was 2.4l inches in a 
very, small area that included this 300 -acre alfalfa field,— 1. 76 inches 
falling within i hour on August 7« In 193^ and 1937 'the third general 
hatch of M, mexiconus did not begin until September. In those years precipe 
itation from July to October did not exceed 0.6 inch. These unusual and 
