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CEREAL AND EORAGE-C ROP INSECTS 
WHEAT AND OTHER SHALL GRAINS 
HESSIAN ELY ( Phvtophaga destructor Say) 
Ohio# J. S. Houser (July 3l)i The assembled data of the wheatfield survey show 
a sharp Increase since 1938. Last year the' average infestation of all 
fields examined was 10 percent, whereas this season it was 17,7 percent. 
Ashland County, in north-central Ohio, was the most heavily infested, with 
an average of 5 8 percent. Characteristic of the infestation this year was 
> the unusually large number of fallen straws, accompanied by commercial dam- 
age, 
Illinois* W. P. Elint (August 19): Annual survey covered most of the principal 
wheat-growing counties in the State, Infestation not hehvy at any point. 
Rather light in the southern counties, especially in the south-central 
area. In the central and north-central areas the infestation is moderate 
but very general. Scarcely a field found in all this area which did not 
show a general, light infestation. Volunteer wheat abundant in all sec- 
tions and showing a moderate infestation. 
Nebraska. M. H. Swenk (August 15) ! Hollowing extremely low population levels in 
southern Nebraska since the summer of 193^ and practically no important 
commercial damage since the winter wheat crop of 1932-33* Hessian fly made 
a remarkable resurgence in the fall of 1938, which was continued moderately 
in the spring of 1939* so that now the population level in southeastern 
. Nebraska appears to be approaching the danger point. Area concerned is in 
the Missouri River counties, from Burt County southward, and along the 
Kansas line from Richardson to Jefferson Counties, including the other 
counties in the angle thus formed. In the lowlands 'alo'ng the Missouri Rive: 
there was commercial damage in numerous fields during the spring of 1939* 
Ear removed from this eastern infestation, the continued increase in 
winter-wheat acreage and continued exceptionally early fall sowing have in- 
duced an infestation in Cheyenne County, southwestern Nebraska, which gives 
some concern as to the 1939-40 crop* 
WHEAT JOINOTORM, ( Harmolita trit ici Pitch) 
Ohio. J. S. Houser (July 3l)j Vor the first time in nearly 30 years the wheat 
jointworm became a factor in some wheatfields. The highest infestations 
recorded were 29 and 31 percent in Licking and Knox Counties, respectively. 
Principal area of abundance in the north-central part of the State. 
Illinois. W, P. Elint (August 19 )j Infestation very light. 
BLACK GRAIN STEM SAWELY ( Trachelus tabidus E. ) ' 
Pennsylvania. E. J, Udine (July 3l)l A general wheat survey consisted of examina- 
tion of 5 fields in each county and 50 wheat culms in ea,ch field. A 3— per- 
cent infestation found in Eranklin County. 
