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proposed containment levels. In addition, at that time a stipulation was made 
that no award could be made by any NIH Institute without clearance from the 
Office of Recombinant DNA Activities. 
On November 30, 1976, these requirements were issued in the NIH Guide 
for Grants and Contracts . In addition, at that time a requirement was added 
that, pending revision of the NIH application forms to include a check box 
indicating whether recombinant DNA was or was not involved (a check box 
being analogous to that used for human experimentation), that a statement 
was to be put on the grant application that this application does or does 
not involve recombinant DNA. It was required that this statement be put on 
the bottom of the face sheet of all applications. 
Starting in November 1976, a notice stating all of these requirements 
was inserted into all NIH grant application kits. 
In August 1977, a directive was sent to NIH staff which added addition- 
al requirements for the processing of applications involving recombinant DNA 
technology. A distinction was made at that time between the concept of a 
proposed and an approved MUA, a proposed MUA being the MUA submitted by the 
institution and the investigator; the approved MUA being the MUA which had 
been approved, reviewed, and accepted by the NIH. 
Now, at that time additional requirements were added to the processing 
of all recombinant DNA applications. At the time of receipt of the appli- 
cation in the Division of Research Grants, a mark is put into the NIH computer 
indicating whether the application involves or does not involve recombinant 
DNA. At the time of initial review by the study sections, information is 
inserted into the computer as to whether the study section review indicates 
the application is in compliance, is not in compliance with the Guidelines, or 
requires special consideration. At the time of the preparation of the summary 
statements, which is the scientific merit review, the so-called pink sheets, 
the forms which are generated by the computer, automatically contain the no- 
tice, "recombinant DNA molecules involved" and the statement of whether the 
initial review group has found the proposal to be in compliance or noncompli- 
ance with the Guidelines, or needs special consideration for whatever reasons. 
In addition, at that time, footnotes were put on all notice of grant 
award statements issued by the NIH for awards involving recombinant DNA. 
There are three basic footnotes. Footnote 1 says recombinant DNA experiments 
shall not be conducted under this award, and this footnote is used for situa- 
tions in which for any reason, scientific or concerns about biohazards, the 
recombinant DNA aspect of the project has been cut out by NIH. 
There is a second footnote which says that recombinant DNA research must 
be conducted in compliance with the Memorandum of Understanding and Agreement 
dated such and such. 
There is a third footnote which can be used which says that no recombi- 
nant DNA research may be conducted until a revised Memorandum of Understanding 
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