APPENDIX- B 
3 
J. Med. 286, 385-390, 1972) and apparently from a tumor of a person 
with metastatic melanoma (Soriano, F., Shelburne, C. E. and Gokcen, 
M., Nature, 249, 421-424, 1974). In other studies a non-structural 
antigen characteristic of papovaviruses , T antigen, has been detected 
in the nuclei of cells cultured from 2 meningiomas, while another SV40- 
specific antigen, U antigen, has been found in the cells of a third tumor 
of the same type (Weiss, A. F., Portman, R., Fisher, H., Simon, J. and 
Zang, K. D., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci . USA 72, 609-613, 1975). Furthermore 
new papovaviruses have been isolated from the brains of patients with 
PML (JC virus - Padgett, B. L., Walker, D. L., zuRhein, G. M., Eckroade, 
R. I. and Dessel , B. H., Lancet 1257-1260, 1971 ), from the urine of 
a patient carrying a renal allograft (BK virus - Gardner, S. D., Field, 
A. M., Coleman, D. V. and Hulme, B. Lancet 1_, 1253-1257, 1971 ) and from 
a reticulum cell sarcoma and the urine of patients with the sex-linked 
recessive disorder, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (Takemoto, K. K., Rabson, A. S., 
Mullarkey, M. F., Blaese, R. M. Garon, C. F. and Nelson, D. J., Nat. 
Cancer Inst., 53^, 1205-1207, 1974). All of these viruses which are dis- 
tributed widely throughout human populations share antigenic and biological 
properties with S V 40; the virus particles are identical in size and 
architecture (Madeley, C. R., In Virus Morphology, Churchill-Livingstone, 
London, 134-135, 1972); the non-structural intracellular T antigen, which 
appears to be coded by the A gene of SV40 cross reacts extensively with 
antigens found in cells infected or transformed by BK or JC viruses; both 
JC and BK viruses induce tumors in newborn hamsters (Walter, D. L., Padgett, 
B. L., zuRhein, B. M., Albert, A. E. and Marsh, R. F., Science 181. 674-676, 
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