93 
DR. FREDRICKSON: I am not sure how much weight to put on the evi- 
dence you have just discussed, Dr. Barkley. There are no denominators, 
and as you yourself say — in fact, I would like to ask Dr. Walters what 
conclusions he draws from Dr. Barkley s answer. 
DR. WALTERS: I think it is difficult to draw any conclusions, as 
you say, because there are no denominators, however it seems to be per- 
haps the only analogous area from the past in which there are any sta- 
tistics that one can draw upon. 
DR. FREDRICKSON: You would conclude that in some laboratories, 
infections may result? I think that would be a reasonable conclusion, 
but that would be the extent of it. 
Dr. Melnick? 
DR. MELNICK: Yes, I would like to emphasize what Dr. Petersdorf 
said just a few moments ago, and also Dr. Barkely emphasized the same 
thing. More important, it seems to me, than the physical equipment is 
the training that the person has working in a laboratory with infectious 
agents. I would like to recall a recent bit of information that our 
laboratory, for instance made together with Dr. Lennette's laboratory 
in Berkeley, California. 
There was a virus that swept through Asia and Africa two years ago 
that infected at least 50 million people with a disease that caused 
hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, red eyes, and it spread over these two con- 
tinents in a matter of a year. Our laboratory and Dr. Lennette's labora- 
tory, concerned with identifying new viruses wherever they appear in the 
world — these viruses were sent to us. Both laboratories carried out work 
with the virus and identified this as a new enterovirus now called number 
70. 
DR. FREDRICKSON: Could you speak a litle louder, please? 
DR. MELNICK: Yes. These viruses were identified in both labora- 
tories as a new virus which had not appeared in the world before, now 
called enterovirus number 70, and had this virus come before a group of 
this sort as to whether a laboratory should work on it in this country, 
I think the answer would be no. However, the virus has been identified 
and characterized. There has not been a single laboratory infection, 
either in Dr. Lennette's laboratory, where this was carried out, or in our 
own laboratories. There was no antibody conversation in the laboratory. 
Now, the type of equipment where this laboratory work is done would 
be called, let us say, PI or P2. My concern, where we get into labora- 
tories of P4 variety is that the equipment is so tedious and so difficult 
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