Chap. I. [George SpIlbergen. 47 
which the Viceroy himfelf was in Perfon, with Eight fleers dwelling in the Cere ado. Here refides the Archbiftiop 
Troops ofHorfe, and 4000 Foot. They agreed to return Bartholomew Lobo Guororo , who hath 60,000 Pefos of Re- 
out of the Reach of their Shot, and call Anchor at the venue. The Cathedral hath Twenty-four Prebends, one 
Mouth of the Haven, where they Raid till the 25th, with Archdeacon, befides Scboolmafters and other Priefts. There 
Intent to take fome of their Ships ; but in vain, becaufe are Four principal Reftors, to each of whom are affigned 
they were better Sailers. On the 26th, they took a little m 15,000 Pefos. Befides this Church of St. John the, Evan - 
Bark laden with Salt, and Eighty VelTels of Syrup : The gelt ft-, are Four other ; One of St. Marcellas , with Two 
Men all fled. They ordered, that, if they met with the Pallors, and 1000 Pefos Revenue ; the Second of St. Se - 
Fleet of Panama , in regard they were in the Eenemy’s baftian the Third of St. Ann , with like Stipend •, the 
Country, where they could not repair their Loffes, and 
Were alfo bound to the Manillas , they fhould aft cautioufly, 
and avoid being feparated, which had much endangered 
them in the laft Fight and, if any SpaniJhSlivp fhould yield, 
the Mailer and chief Officers fhould not leave their own 
Ships, but caufe the Enemy to come in Boats aboard them, 
left Confufion, as lately through Greedinefs of Spoil, fhould 
happen. The 27th, they fet Sail. The 28th, they came 
to the Road of Gnarme in io° beyond the Line, a pleafant 
Place, with a large Port. Near Unto it is a Lake of Hand- 
ing Water. They went on fhore-, but found the People 
all fled, who had left little Pillage, except fome Hens, 
Oranges, Hogs, and Meal ; which they took. 
8. Auguft 3. they difmiffed fome of their Spanijh Prifon- 
ers. They pafifed between the Ifle Loubes , (fo called from 
Fifti of that Name) and the Continent. The 8th, they call 
Anchor near to Peyta. The 9th, they fet 300 Men alhore, 
who, after a few Skirmifhes, returned aboard, the City be- 
ing too ftrongly defended. They took an Indian Ship of 
ftrange Sails, with Six lufty Indians, which had been Two 
Months a fifhing, and had many delicate Fifties dried, 
which they diftributed through the Fleet. The 10th, the 
AEolus, Morning-ftar and HuMfman , battered the T own with 
their Ordnance, and fent a greater Number of them on 
fhore, who found the City forfaken, and the People, with 
their Goods, fled to the Mountains. They fent Five of 
their Indians on fhore, to get Fruits, and to learn more 
Certainty of the Spanijh Admiral •, who brought Word of 
her being fwallowed by the Waves, only Six efcaping. The 
Indians alfo brought the Letters of Captain Gafpar Gal- 
dron to Paula the Commandant’s Wife of Peyta , who had 
fled to the Town of St. Michael, Twelve Leagues from 
Shore. She fent the Hollanders , in Commiferation of the 
Captives, many Citrons, with other Provifions. This Wo- 
man, for Beauty, Wifdom, and Virtue, was of Angular 
Reputation in all thofe Parts. Peyta , towards the Sea, is 
ftrorig, and, in a manner, impregnable. There were in it 
Two Churches, One Monaftery, and many good Buildings, 
an excellent Haven, to which all the Ships of Panama re- 
torted. Then their Cargoes pafs by Land to Lima, becaufe of 
the perpetual Rage of both Elements, the Wind and Water, 
in that Place. They took in the Ifland Loubes Two Fowls 
of enormous Size, in the Beak, Wings and Talons not un- 
like the Eagle ; their Necks fomewhat like a Sheep ; their 
Heads combed as a Cock ; they were Two Ells in Height, 
and Three in Breadth, when their Wings were difplayed. 
9. The learned Pedro de Madriga of Lima faid, that 
Peru,Chili , and I' err a Firma, were commanded by Don John 
de Mendoza , Marquis des Montes Clar os , the Viceroy, which 
Office the King conferreth for Six or Eight Years, with a 
yearly Allowance of 40,000 Ducats, with an Addition of 
1000 Pefos, for extraordinary Expences on the Feafts of 
Chriftmas , Epiphany, St. Spirits, and Rafter, each of Twelve 
Rials and a half, becaufe, at thofe Times, he is to enter- 
tain all the Counfeliors of the Audience ; 2000 Pefos alfo 
yearly, when he furnifhes the Silver Fleet. The Viceroy is 
ferved with great Pomp in this Place, never ftirring abroad 
without his Guard $ and, if he goes into the Country, hath 
100 Lances and 50 Mufquets attending. There are Courts 
or Audiences in Panama , Quito, Ch arias, Lima, one alfo in 
Chili. In them are the King’s Counfeliors, to whom both 
Civil and Criminal Caufes are committed ; but with Ap- 
peal in Civil Cafes to the Oydors (certain Commiffioners), 
and in Criminal to the Ale olds. Thefe all go in one Habit, 
and are allowed 3000 Pefos annual Penfion. The Viceroy 
refideth in the City of Kings, or Los Reyes , called alfo 
Lima, lituated in a pleafant Valley, extended a Mile and 
half in Length, in Breadth Three-quarters, having above 
100,000 Inhabitants, befides Merchants of other Places. 
It hath Four Market-places. There are 3000 Indian Arti- 
4 
Fourth is an Hofpital of Orphans, with 500 Pefos. Mona- 
fteries there are of St. Francis , St. Dominic , and of St. Au- 
guftin, and of our Lady de las Meriedcs, each of which hath 
Two Cloifters of their own Order, that of St. Francis Three; 
viz. One of bar e-foot Friers of our Lady Guadalupe . 
They have here Two Colleges of Jefuits, which the Spa- 
niards call Theatines, both there and in Europe. In each 
chief Monaftery are 250 Religious. There are Five Mo- 
nafteries of Nuns, called of the Incarnation , Conception , 
Trinity, St. Jofeph , and St. Clare. Our Lady alfo hath her 
Churches by the Titles of Monferrat, and del Prado , and 
de Loretto. They have Four ITofpitals for the Poor ; of St. 
Andrew, in which are 400 Sick-, of St. Anna for the Indi- 
ans of St. Peter for the Ecclefiaftics ; of Charity for Wo- 
men ; another of Sto. Spirito for Sailers ; and one of St. 
Lazaro for inveterate Difeafes. There are 600 Priefts, and 
1000 Students. Allowance is given to Twenty-four in the 
King's College by his Majefty ; to as many in St. T orine's 
by the Archbifhop. There are alfo 200 Doftors in the 
Univerfities, of all Faculties. The Profefifors receive of 
the King 1000 Pefos Penfion. The Two Profeflors of 
Civil Law have each 600 Pefos. There are 400 Mailers 
of Art. Every Year they chufe a new Reftor or Chancel- 
lor. In this City and Suburbs are above 20,000 Slaves. 
There are more Women than Men. The Indians are frae* 
as well as the Spaniards, faving, that they pay every Six 
Months Two Pefos, a Hen, a Tanega of Eight Rials, and 
a Piece of Cloth or Cotton. They are bound to ferve the 
King yearly in the Mines or Hufbandry certain Days, be- 
ginning in May, and continuing their Service feverally till 
November. Thofe of Arica bring to Pot oft Bealls, Wheat, 
Meal, Mays, Axcicoca, an Herb which they perpetually 
chew. They ufe for Carriages a certain Camel-falhioned 
Sheep. By this City the River runneth clofeto the Walls, 
which, by Showers, fometimes fo fwells, that it hath car- 
ried away the Stone Bridge of Nine Arches. Here is the 
King’s Pontraftation-houfe, and his Treafury, the Court 
alfo of Inquifition, with Two Inquifitors, each of which alfo 
has 3000 Pefos Penfion, and a Prifon peculiar. The Two 
Notaries have 4000 Pefos apiece. Here is the Court or 
Office of the Crufado, or the Popes Bulls, with Officers, and 
like Stipends. This City is Two Leagues from the Sea, 
hath Eight Companies of Foot, arid as many Troops of 
Horfe, in Garifon. The next Port is called Calao, in 
which are fome 800 Inhabitants. From the City to Pot oft 
are all Spaniftj Merchandize conveyed. Potoft is called La 
Valla Imperial, comprehending a great Mountain, in which 
are Silver Mines. Into them is a horrible Defcent of 400 
Steps into the Veins, which exercife about 20,000 Indians 
digging, and 100 more in carrying, grinding, and other 
Works of that Kind. This Place is fo cold, that nothing 
grows within Four Leagues, but an Herb called Tcho. 
Their Provifion is all brought from Arica. A Pound of 
Bread is there worth Two Rials. The Haven of Arica is 
1 80 Spanijh Leagues from thence but there are many Vil- 
lages well inhabited by the Way. Not far hence is Chu- 
quijaca, the Biftiop whereof hath 30,000 Ducats Revenue. 
There are the like Monafteries to thofe at Lima \ but not fo 
full of Monks. At Potoft there are faid to be 1500 Sharp- 
ers, who live by their Wits. Seventy Miles from thence is 
another Silver Mine, called Eriico. Near Lima is Chocola 
Choca , another Mine, cold as Potoft, where dwell 500a 
Spaniards. Cufco is like to Lima, hath 6000 Spanijh Inha- 
bitants, a Biftiop, and Monks, and Two Colleges, with 
fome 600 Students. Arequipa hath alfo a Biftiop, 2000 
Spaniards, and a Corigidor. The Capital of Chili is St. 
lago, where there is a Gold Mine. Goquimbo hath Store of 
Brafs. Baldivia is rich in Gold. In the Year 1599. the 
Natives of the Country killed the Spaniards, and made their 
Wives Prifoners, 800 in Number, whom they offered to 
exchange 
& 
