Chap I. 
Commodore R 
The fee and was built in 1670. In both thefe they preach 
in Butch. The third belongs to the Proteftant Portuguese : 
And the fourth to the Malayans. Befides thefe Churches, 
there are abundance of other Places of Worfhip for all forts 
of Religions. 
They have likewife in this City a Spin- Huy s, or an Houfe 
Oi Coneflion, in which Women, who behave loolely, are 
confined an Orphan -houfe, a Magazine of Sea-ftores, 
many foi Spices, Whans, Cord-manufa6lures, and many 
other public Buildings, ft he Gariion confifts commonly of 
between 2 and 3000 Men. Befides the great Number of 
Ports before ipoken of, there is the famous Citadel of 1 3 a- 
tavia, which is a very fine, regular Fortification, fituated at 
the Mouth of the River, facing the City, and flanked with 
four Baflions, two of which command the Sea, and the 
the other two the Town. This Citadel hath two great 
Gates, the one called the Company 1 s Gate , which was built 
in 1636, Witn a Bridge of fquare Stone, confifting of four- 
teen Arches, each twenty-fix Wards long, and^tcn Feet 
broad: The other called the Water-Gate, built in 1630. 
Ail the Keepers of the Magazines have their Lodgings in 
the Citadel, along both Sides of the Curtain. There are, 
befkies, two Poflerns, one in the Eaft Curtain, the other 
in the Weft, which are never opened, but for the Service 
Ot the Carrion. it is in this Citadel that the Governor- 
General of the Indies has his Habitation. His Palace is 
built of Brick, two Stories high, with a moft noble Front, 
after the Italian manner. Over-againft this Palace is that 
of the Dire&or-General, who is the next Perfon to the Go- 
vernor : ft he Counfellors, and other principal Officers of 
tne Company, have alfo their Apartments there, as have 
liicewife the Phyflcian, the Surgeon, and the Apothecary, 
i heie is a little Church, which was built in 1644, retnark- 
abiy neat and light. . There are, befides, in the Citadel, 
Arfenals and Magazines, rurmfhed with Ammunition for 
many Years ; in a Word, this Citadel is the general Fac- 
tory, where all the Archives are kept, and where all the 
Affairs of the Company are tranfadfed. 
The City oi Batavia is not only inhabited by Butch , 
but alfo by a vaft Number of Indians of different Nations : 
The former, that is to fay, the Butch , are all of them either 
free Burgeffes, or in the Service of the Company. There 
are likewife abundance of Portuguefe , French , and other 
Europeans , eftabliffied here on account of Trade. Thefe 
Portuguefe are, for the moft part. Defendants of thofe 
who lived here formerly, or at Goa ; and who, finding 
then Accounts in living under fo mild a Government, did 
not think fit to remove, when the Sea Coafts of the Ifiand 
of Java were reduced under the Dominion of the Eaft 
India Company. They are, at prefent, at leaft a far 
greater Part of them, of the Eftabliffied, that is to fay, of 
the Proteftant Reformed Religion. As for the Indian In- 
habnants, they are Javanefe , or Natives of the Country, 
Chine fe , Malayans , Negroes , Amhoynefe , Armenians Na- 
tives of the file of Bali , Mdrdykers , Macajfars , Timor s, 
hoiigis, &c. There cannot be any thing more curious, or 
any Spectacle more entertaining, than to fee, in fo large a 
City, ftich a Multitude of different Nations living, ail of 
mem at their own Dwellings, after their own manner. One 
fees every Moment new Cuftoms, ftrange Manners, Va- 
riety of Habits, and Faces of different Colours, viz. black 
white, brownyohve-coloured : Every one lives as he pleafes 
every one fpeaks his own Tongue. Notwithftanding fuch 
a Variety of Cuftoms, fo opposite to one another, one ob- 
lervcs an Union very furprifmg among thefe Citizens, which 
q P ur< W the Efted of Commerce, which is the common 
Soul that actuates this great Body of People * fo that they 
move uniformly and harmonioufly in every refped, and 
ha PP l] y under the gentle and prudent Laws 
eftabliffied by tne Eaft India Company. With regard to 
juiberty of Confoience, all the Inhabitants of this City en- 
joy it, let mem be of what Sect they will ; only they have 
not the public Exercife of their Worfhip. It is not per- 
mitted here any more than in the United Provinces , that 
Pi lefts or Monas ffiould walk the Streets in the Habits of 
their relpedive Orders ; yet all are allowed to live there in 
ieace, except the Jefuits ; and they are excluded, noton 
Numb. iq. 
OGGEWEiK. 
account of their Religion, but For fear of their Intrigues, 
and their exciting Troubles and Difturbances here, as they 
have done m moft Places where they are already eftabliffied 
As for the Cbinefe, as their Religion is an Abomination’ 
they are not allowed a Pagoda in the City, but they have 
one at a Place about a League off, where they likewife 
bury their Dead. 
Every Indian Nation at Batavia has its Chief, or Head, 
who takes care of its Interefts *, but he has not the Power 
of deciding any thing that is at all confiderablc ; and his 
u At ion, properly fpeaking, regards only the Affairs of 
their Religion, and any flight Controverfies that may arife 
among his Countrymen. In order to give a clear Idea of 
the Manner m which thefe People live at Batavia, it will 
be proper to fay fomewhat of each of thefe Indian Nations, 
and of their different Manners of employing themfelves. 
.1 ne Javanefe addid themfelves chiefly to Agriculture, Fiffi- 
ing, and Ship-building. They wear, generally fpeaking 
no other Habit than a kind of ffiort Petticoat, reaching fo 
their Knees, all the reft of their Bodies naked : They have 
likewife, acrofs their Shoulders, a fort of Saffi, or Scarf 
m which hangs a little ffiort Sword : On their Heads they 
wear a little Bonnet : Their Cabins are remarkably neater 
tnan thofe of other Indian Nations, built of fplit Bamboos, 
with a large fpr.eading Roof, which hangs over the Houfe 
and under which they fit and take the Air. 
1 he Chine fe^ Inhabitants are very numerous ; it is reckoned 
tnat, in the City and Suburbs, they are at leaft five thou- 
land. Thefe People feem naturally bom for Trade, Ene- 
mies to Idlenefs, and who think nothing hard or laborious 
the Performance of which is attended with a Certainty of 
Gam. They can live upon a very little, are bold, enter- 
prifing, have a great deal of Aadrefs, and are indefatio-ablv 
induftrious. They have a Penetration and Subtilty very 
extraordinary, infomuch that they feem to make good 
their own Saying, that the Butch have one Eye, and they 
have two but, with all this, they are deceitful to the laft 
Degree, take a Pride in impofing upon thofe who deal 
with them, and boaft of that Cunning, of which they 
ought to be affiamed. In Huffiandry and Navigation they 
very far furpafs all other Indian Nations. Moft of the 
Sugar-mills in Batavia belong to them, and the DiftillerV 
or Arrack is intirely in their Hands. They are the Car- 
nei s of Afia ; and the Eaft India Company itfelf frequently 
makes ufe of their Veffels ; They keep all the Shops, and 
moil; ofthe Inns, in the City •, and are likewife the Farmers 
of the Duties Excifes, and Cuftoms. The Chinefe are, 
generally fpeaking, well-made Men, of an olive Com- 
plexion, their Heads very round, their Eyes fmall, and their 
Nofes ffiort and flat : They do not cut their Hair, as thofe 
wio remain in China are obliged to do, fince the Tartars 
oecame Mailers of their Country. As often as any come 
from China, they immediately fuffer their Hair to grow 
as a Token of their Freedom, and curl and drefs it to %eat 
Advantage ; their Priefts only excepted whofe Heads' are 
always clofe ffiaved. 
Thefe People are always bare-headed, with an Urn- 
brelk m their Hands, to keep off the Sun ; they likewife 
iuffer their Nails to grow to an immoderate Length which 
gives them a prodigious Dexterity in Slight-offhand, an 
Art of great Extent, and of confidence Confluence’ as 
it is managed by thefe People. Their Drefs differs pretty 
much here from what they wear in their own Country : 
Fheir Robes are very ample, and their Sleeves, which are 
of Cotton-c.oth, very large ; underneath they have a Pair 
or Breeches, which reach to their Ancles ; they wear no 
Shoes, but a kind of little Slippers, and go without Stock- 
ings intirely. Their Women alfo wear very long Cotton 
Robes, are very brifk and lively, and withal very im- 
pudent, and extravagantly debauched. The Chinefe in 
general, have not the lead Notion of any Diftiniftion of 
Meats; on the contrary, they eat, without Ceremony, the 
pelh of any Animal that comes to hand, let it be Doo- 
Cat, Rat, or what it will. 09 
ihey are procligioiifly fond of Shews, and of Entertain- 
ments. I he Feaft of their new Year, which they cele- 
brate in the Beginning of March, lafts commonly for 
^ ’ a whole 
