Chap. lh 
*/ 
ARC 
This was divided into feveral little Sovereignties. Mufia- 
Pba, a Mohammedan Prince, poffeffed that Part of the 
Country wherein theTowns of Bmmpour mdAcer are iitu- 
ated, w'hofe Subje&s gave him the Title of Melee ? Or 
Kin^. Amanadagar , and the Territory belonging to it, 
was luffed- to the Queen of Cande? and Ambar command- 
ed the Diftrid of Doltabad. Thefe Princes, tho at other 
Times Enemies, united their Forces againft Akehar , and 
o-ave him Battle, but were defeated by him with very lit- 
de Lofs. The Redudion of the Fortreftes which thefe 
.Princes poffeffed-, prove a Work of greater Labour; for 
now every one being to defend what was their own, 
exerted their uttnoft Force, and their utmoft Capacity. 
The Foitrefs of Acer was the firft that he attack’d*, an 
irregular Fortification, and which could have made no De- 
fence againft an European Army, but a Place of gteat 
Strength in the Indies , and very well provided with Ar- 
tillery^ fome of which, it is Laid, were caft by the Indians 
themfelves, before the Portugueze vifited their Coafts. 
Kxnp" M u fi a I^ a was t ^ iere * n fkrfon, with a very nume- 
rousGarrifon, compofed entirely of his beft Troops, The 
Defence he made, was worthy of his Reputation for Con- 
dud, and for Courage, and the Army of the Mogul was 
fo ruined by the Fatigue of this Siege, that the Empe- 
ror himfelf had Thoughts of raifing it, when he was in- 
formed by fome Deferters, that the Garrifon began to 
want Water, which encouraged him to remain before the 
Place. King Mufiapha perceiving the Citterns dry, and 
knowing the Rainy- Sealbn to be at a Diftance, refolved to 
retire privately out of the Fortrefs, in order to throw himielt 
into Brampour ? and there defend himfelf and the reft of his 
Dominions. . 
It was with this Defign, that in tnc middle oi the 
Ni°-ht, he quitted Acer in Difguife, and before he had 
proceeded far, he was &ized by the Advance Guards of 
the Mogul Army, who carried him immediately to the 
Emperors Tent. When he came into the Prefence of 
Akehar? that Monarch afked him who he was, and where 
he was going ? To which, with great Spirit, he anfwered, 
that he was King Mufiapha ? and that knowing him to be 
a wife and generous Prince, he came out to afk his Au- 
vice, fince they had now no Water left, and he could not 
bring himfelf, after living fo long as a King, to become 
the Subject of another. Akehar bid him go back to the 
Place, and be fatisfied, that if Heaven intended to deliver 
him, he would meet with a Supply of Water by fome un- 
expeded Means. Mufiapha took his Advice, and return- 
ed to his Fortrefs. It was then about the middle of May? 
and as the rainy Seaion does not ufually commence till 
the middle of June ? he had not much Reafon to exped 
what neverthelefs fell out the Night following, in which 
it rained fo plentifully, that his Citterns were ah lull by 
the next Morning. Akehar , aftonifhed at this Accident, 
left a fufficient Body of Troops to block up Acer , and 
marched with the reft of his Forces to befiege Brampour? 
which, tho’ a Place of confiderabje Strength, and well pro- 
vided with every thing, did not hold out long, and Muf- 
tapha feeing the beft Part of his Dominions loft, refolved 
to make the beft Terms he could for himfelf, in Confide- 
ration of the Surrender of Acer. The Mogul granted 
him as good Conditions as he could reafonably exped, 
and Mufiapha entering into his Service, had the fame 
Refped paid him as the other Rajahs. 
After the Redudion of Acer? the Mogul prepared next 
for the Siege of Amanadagar? which the Princefs of Cande 
defending with great Courage, kept him two Months be- 
fore the°Place. At length, defpainng to hold out, flie 
caufed all her Treafure to be melted into Bullets, and, in- 
feribed with the bittereft Curies againft her Enemies, fhot 
them into the neighbouring Woods, to prevent his poiiei- 
fmg it. Some of thefe gold and filver Bullets Manouchi 
allures us, were found in his Time, and he read the In- 
feriptions on them with abundance of Delight, and one 
particularly of Gold, he fays, weighed eight Pounds at 
Jeail. Ambar hearing the great Diftrefs that this Princefs 
was in, refolved to make an Effort for her Deliverance, 
and at the fame Time to keep the War out of his own 
Country. The Defign was generous in itfelf, and well 
enough contrived, and on the Review of his Forces., it 
o l o. «3S 
fee tiled not altogether itiipoflible to have executed it ; t&i 
this Indian Prince, by compelling all his Subjects to take 
Arms, had drawn together near fifty thoufand Mem 
Akehar however attacked him fuddenly on his March, de- 
feated him without the Lofs of a Man, and his own Pea- 
pie being difeontented with his Conduct:, muidered the 
unfortunate Ambar in his Flight. 1 he Princefs of Cande 
feeing now no Hopes left, yielded her City, and herfelr, 
to the victorious Mogul? who not only treated her with 
all the Refped due to her Quality, but foon after received 
her into the Number of his Wives, and fhe remained for 
many Years his principal Favourite. Akehar was now 
Matter of beft part of the South Coait of Indofian? and almoft 
all the Rajahs of that Country readily yielded him Obe- 
dience. 
It was at this Time, that from a Motive hitherto con- 
cealed, he took Occafion to deftroy the : vaft and beautiful 
City of Dehli ? the antient Refidence of the Putt an Kings, 
and the Capital of Indofian. He built a Mofque, and a 
Palace at Fetipour ? and the Rajahs building alfo rrmny 
Palaces near them, it foon became a very confiderable Ci^ 
ty ; but the Luftre of this Place Jailed not long, fince 
the Emperor himfelf perceiving that the Air was unwhol- 
fome, removed from thence, and returned into the Neigh- 
bourhood of Dehli? where, out of the Ruins of the old 
City, he ereded a new one on the Banks of the River 
Jemma ; but even the Splendor of this new City could 
not pleafe him long, and therefore proceeding farther on 
the River, he fixed on the little Town of Agra , for the 
Seat of his Empire. It is feated on a large Plain, and 
the River Jemma making an Elbow therein, the City lies 
round it in the Form of an Half-moon. At one End he 
erected a noble Palace, round which the Omrahs and Ra- 
jahs built theirs ; fo that in a very fhort Space of Time* 
from an inconfiderable Hamlet, it grew to be a large Ci- 
ty, of nine Italian Miles in Circumference, and having 
no fewer than 660,000 fettled Inhabitants, exclufive or 
Strangers. 
The Palace of the Emperor, which ferves for a kind 
of Citadel to Agra? is one of the fineft Structures in the 
World. The Walls of it, which are about thirty-five 
Foot high, are of a fine red Stone, little inferior in Hard- 
nefs and Beauty to Marble, and it is built in fuch a Man- 
ner, that the joining of the Stones does not in the leaffc 
appear. It is adorned with rich and beautiful Balconies, 
on every Story ; and between the Palace and the River, 
there is a kind of Parade, where the Emperor fees his 
Guard reviewed, and the Battles of his Elephants. On 
the other Side the River, Hands another City, as long as 
Agra , and not much inferior to it in Bignefs. I his is 
entirely inhabited by Indians? or, as they are now called. 
Banians? who are either Merchants, or Artificers ; fo that 
this City is no lefs remarkable for its Commerce, than the 
other for being the Imperial Refidence of the Grand Mogul? 
and being the Capital of the Indies. When this great Work 
was accomplifhed, it plainly appeared, that this Emperor 
intended it for a Monument of his Glory to lateft Pofte- 
rity, by his bellowing upon it the Name of Akehar ahad? 
i. e. the City of Akehar ; but after his Deceafe, this new 
Name was laid afide, and the old one revived ; fo that 
this Capital of the Indian Empire is Tail known by the 
Name of Agra. 
His Attention to the raifing of this new City, did not 
extinguifh that Thirft of Empire, which had appeared in 
the firft Years of his Reign, On the contrary, having 
heard of an Indian Rajah? who was equally celebrated for 
his Wifdom and Courage, and who was befides illuftrious 
on the fcore of his Defcent from the famous Porus? and 
whofe Dominions lay but twelve Days Journey from his 
Capital, he immediately formed a Defign of reducing 
them, the rather becaufe they lay between his hereditary 
Dominions, and his new Conquefts. This Rajah took the 
Name of Rana? which feems to have been common to all 
his Family, according to the ancient Cuftom of the Indies. 
He was a Prinee worthy of the Blood of Porus? and who, 
if he had been well feconded, might have reftored the Li* 
berty of his Country, As it was, he made a noble At- 
tempt, which wifi be ever remembered in the Chronicles 
of that Country* 
