Book L 
644 The BISTORT of the 
The Cenfufions in the Empire did not end here. The thofe Duties, fie had no fort of Craft, and defpifed it too 
two younger Sons of the Emperor were alfo in Arms, in much ; he was fo truly virtuous, that he knew too little 
order to difpute the Poffeffion of the Empire with Sultan of bad Defigns to guard againft them'; and he was fo open 
Bard* And now it was that the profound Diffimulation of and fmcere, that he never fufpefted any Man of Diffimu- 
Aurengzebe paved the Way for his mounting the Imperial lation. He had a great Refped for the Miffionaries, and 
Throne, while he pretended to affift the Ambition of his they,- in return,, had taken a great deal of Pains to perfuade 
youngeft Brother. The old Pretence was that of Reli- the* World that he was a Chriftian in his Heart; and that 
gion : $ultan Bara, he laid,, was an Infidel, Sultan Jujah the Knowledge of this was one great Caufe of his Misfor- 
a Heretick, and therefore the Crown ought to be fe- tunes,, which, however,, is fo far from being true, that I 
cured to Sultan Morad ; for,, as to himfelf, the utmoft of venture to affirm, they flowed from quite a different Fouru 
Ms EJefire was to fpend the Remainder of his Days near tain. He had, indeed, ftudied Religion more than be- 
the Tomb of Mohammed in Adds of Mortification and' came a Prince, and left behind him a Teftimony of it. 
Devotion. But to fhew, that as much a. Saint as he was,, which, plainly proves the Truth of what I have afferted j„ 
he underftood the Affairs' of this World as well as any of and yet not one of the Miffionaries have mentioned it, for 
them; he affembled a very numerous Army, compofed Reafons that! cannot affigm. In fhort, he revived the old, 
of veteran Troops that had been employed in his former Scheme of his Anceftors, and had a Mind to become the 
Wars, extremely well provided with every thing neceffary,. Legiflator, as well as the Monarch of the Indies, It was. 
with which he joined his Brother Morad, and his Troops, with this View that he compofed a large and learned 
not far from Dehly. The firft Step he took was, to per- Work, to prove that the Principles of the old Indian Re-. 
fuade that Prince to affume the litle of Emperor, in ligion were the fame with thofe of Mohammedifm ; and, 
which Quality he received and obeyed his Orders, which, in Support of this, he collected, with great Labour, all that 
however, werefuch as himfelf dictated in his Council. As was worth collecting from the Works of the ancient Bra - 
foon as Sultan Bara was informed that the two Brothers mins , and compared thefe with the principal Paffages of 
had joined their Forces, he lent a Trumpet with a Letter the Khoran, to demenftrate that thefe Religions were not 
from the Emperor, his Father, to each of them, alluring, fo far from each other as thofe who profelied them ima- 
them that .he was in perfect Health, and commanding gined, and that there wanted nothing but a little Temper 
them to retire and difband their troops, on pain of being and good Senfe to bring them, to a good Underftanding 
treated as Rebels. This furprifed Sultan Morad exceed- This armed the Bigots againft him, as the Steadinefs of 
ingly, and he would willingly have attoned for his firft his Conduct, and his Contempt for the Arts, of a Court, 
Offence, by yielding the Emperor, his Father, immediate ruined him, with thofe who placed their. Hopes and their. 
Obedience: But Aurengzebe prevented his Return to his Credit in being well verfed'in them. 
Duty, by luggefting that Obedience now came too late ; Sultan Sujah was the very reverie of his Brother*, 
that though the Emperor might be fatisfied Sultan Bara, except that he had a fine Perfon, a happy Conffitution, 
would be revenged, and that to feparate their Armies and great Parts, for he was a fmifhed Courtier, under- 
now, would be doing his Bufinefs, and giving themfelves ftood the Art of Inriguing perfedjy, and practifed it 
up to Deftruftion. Thefe Arguments foon got the better with fuch Succefs, that Jacontfing. , upon whom his Bro- 
of Sultan Mor ad’s Loyalty, especially when it was farther ther Bara had chiefly depended, was privately his Crea- 
inflnuated to him that his Father was now fuperanuated, cure, and betrayed the Matter, to whole Favour he owed 
and that Sultan Bara only made ufe of his Name. Mo- all Things. This Prince had Spies in every Part of the. 
rad conceiving with himfelf that it was better for him to Court, knew every thing that was done there, and the 
impofe Law upon his Brethren, than be obliged to re- Sentiments of all who compofed it. He held Jikewife 
ceive it from them, determined to proceed, and to acquire, private Intelligence with the principal Rajahs throughout 
if poffible, by Arms, a Crown, to which he was not entit- the Empire, had a private Correfpondence with the - King, 
led either by the Laws of Nature, or the C'uftom of his of Perjfia ; and that he might not want a religious Party 
Country. to efpoufe his Intereft, he declared for the Se6t of AH , 
But as' we are now to enter on that War which has which is the eftablifhed Faith of the Perfians. 
made fo great a Nolle in Europe , as well as the Indies , it The Charadter of Aurengzebe , tho’ directly oppofite to 
will be neceffary to fay fomething of the Characters of thofe of his Brethren, was very probably formed upon 
thefe Princes ; and the rather, becaufe fome of them have theirs. He had ftrong Senfe, much Application, and a- 
been much mifreprefented, and, in Europe , generally mif- deep Reach of Thought ; the greateft Hypocrite, and 
underftood. Sultan Bara was always happy in the Enjoy- the moft profound Diffembler in the World. Humble in 
ment of his Father’s Favour, in confequence of which he Appearance, in reality exceffively ambitious covetous in 
received an Education truly Royal ; he enjoyed, from Na- the higheft Degree, and yet affedting to defpife Money 5, 
ture, a very graceful Perfon, and a ftrong Conftitution ; devout in Shew, without the leaft Tindture of Faith or 
his Parts were not only folid, but bright and fparkling, Goodnefs in his Heart. He faw that his Brethren had 
fo that before he reached the Flower of his Age, he courted Men of other Religions, and therefore he placed all 
was Matter, not only of all the Sciences which are ufually his Hopes in the bigotted Mohammedans , whom he knew 
taught in the Univerfities, but moft of the Languages to be a powerful Party, and moft capable of ferving him 
like wife that are fpoken in Europe. His fuperior Know- in the Way that he deflred to be ferved. He knew very 
ledge, and the great Quicknefs of his Wit, joined to well, that if he could not attain the Throne by his Cun- 
a philofophical Virtue, were the Sources of his Ruin. He ning, he was not likely to preferve his Life, and therefore 
was, beyond Comparifon, the greateft Prince that ever he fpent his whole Time, and applied all his Thoughts in, 
drew Breath in the Indies , and the moft unfortunate ; meditating how to acquire the Imperial Diadem, and in 
the wifeft Man of the Age in which he lived, yet unac- hindering the reft of the World from perceiving his 
countably weak in his Conduit ; one of the belt Men that Defign, which he believed, and which Experience £hew~ 
ever was bred up in a Court ; and withal, the worft quali- ed to be the fureft Method of effecting it. 
lied to live in one. Thefe Paradoxes fhall be in few Morad , the youngeft of Shah Jehad's Sons, was an I10- 
Words explained. His Wifdom drew upon him the Ha- neft generous Prince, one who profeffed Mohammedifm 
tied of fuch as affeited to be thought wife ; his Quicknefs from his Heart, and was really as much a Believer as any 
and Penetration rendered him lefs capable of being ad- of the Clergy could wifli him. He loved Hunting, and 
vifed by fuch as were moft able : He had fpent much of his other Exercifes of that Kind, and was much given to 
Time in Books, knew the Duties of every Profeflion, and Women. In all other refpects he was a very amiable 
expeffed that Men of every Profeflion fliould difcharge and worthy Prince, and if he appeared from fome Parts 
x The Title of this Angular Treatife is, Mujmahal Bahrain , that is, the JunBion of the twoo Seas. 'Thefe fort of Titles are, and always have been, 
much efteemed in the Eah, as having in them fomething of Allegory ; and, at the fame time, fomething fententious and very expreffive. I cannot 
bat inform the Reader, that thefe Lights are derived from Mr, James Frazer, who has not only given us the Titles and Characters of abundance of 
Oriental Pieces, hitherto abfolutely unknown in this Part of the World, but has likewife brought with him the Books themfelves, which are, indeed, 
an invaluable Treafure, inafmuch as they afford the Means of filling up that vaft Chafm, which has been fo long left in Vmverfal H ; psty x for the Annals. 
@f thefe 'Eafiern Countries. 
