* 
Chap. II. 
Mogul Empire. 
Morning* and accordingly the Tents were ftruck, and the 
Troops actually in Motion ; which Sultan Sujah obferv- 
ing, prepared to fall upon their Rear. The Troops of 
Aurengzebe were ordered to give Way upon the firft At- 
tack, until they had drawn the Advance-guards of Sultan 
Sujah fome Diftance from their Camp, and then to make 
a Stand, which Orders , were punftually executed ; and 
Sultan Sujah obferving his Men were over-powered, de- 
tached ftill other Troops to fupport them ; and the Ene- 
my doing the like on the other Side, it came at length to 
a general Battle. The Generals, mounted on their re- 
fpeftive Elephants, advanced with the Bodies under their 
immediate Commands to engage each other, and the Bat- 
tle was fought with great Obftinacy, till Aurengzebe art- 
fully drew his Enemy into a Field, where he had or- 
dered Pits to be made the Night- before, and covered over 
with Turf, fo that they lay unperceived. Here the brave 
Sultan Sujah was advancing to engage his Brother, and 
perfonally defde the Fortune of the Day, when his Ele- 
phant flounced into one of thefe Pits prepared for him, 
from whence the Sultan found it impoffible to difengage 
himfelf fuddenly ; whereupon the Army, not feeing their 
General, imagined he was killed, and thought of nothing 
but making their Retreat. Sultan Sujah afterwards mount- 
ed a Horfe that was brought him, and endeavoured to 
rally his flying Troops, but it was too late; the Rout was 
total, a panicle Fear had feized his Forces, and they could 
never be brought to make a Stand again ; and Sujah , , 
with great Difficulty, made his Efcape into the Provence 
of Bengal. Here he recruited his fhattered Army, and, 
having polled himfelf in an advantegeous Camp, waited 
the Approach of the Enemy, when he underftood that 
Mohammed, the eldeft Son of Aurengzebe, was in fome 
Difgrace, and fecretly invited him to come over to his 
Party, which Negotiation was fo well managed, that he 
did not only defert his Father’s Court himfelf, but brought 
over with him feveral of his befl Officers. Upon this, 
Aurengzebe had Recourfe to his old Pradlice of forging 
Letters, by which he drew Sultan Sujah to believe that 
Mohammed had deferted by his Orders, who thereupon 
treated the young Prince in fuch a manner that he was 
glad to reconcile himfelf to his Father, who fed him with 
fair Promifes till he had him in his Power, and then, in a 
little time, fent him Prifoner to the Caftle of Gallier a . 
Sultan Bara, having drawn another Army together, 
marched, with great Diligence, towards the City of Ama- 
dabat ; but when he was within a few Miles of it, the 
Governour, who had been corrupted by Aurengzebe, ffiut 
the Gates of it againfl him ; upon which, the Army he 
had affembled, feeing him thus betrayed, abandoned him, 
in order to provide the beft they could for their own 
Safety. The Sultan, now entirely defpairingof his Affairs, 
determined to fly for Refuge to Perfia y to which he was 
the rather induced, becaufe, Given Khan had the Command 
of a Fort upon the Frontiers, who was his Friend, and might 
favour his Retreat. This Man had received the highefl 
Favours from the Sultan, and particularly, once he faved 
his Life, when the Emperor Shah Jehan had commanded 
him to be trod to Death by Elephants for fome Mifde- 
meanour he had committed. This Traitor received the 
Sultan with the greateft Profeffions of Gratitude, but im- 
mediately gave Intelligence to the General who com- 
manded the Forces of Aurengzebe on that Side, that he 
had Bara in his Power, and would deliver him up. The 
Sultan lu (peeled the Treachery, and was meditating how 
he might make his Efcape from thence, when a Detach- 
ment of Aure?igzebe > s Forces furrrounded the Palace, and 
carried Bara Prifoner with them to Bakar, which was be- 
fieged by his Brother’s Troops, being the only Fortrefs 
which ftill held out for Bara, they compelled the unfor- 
tunate Sultan to fend Orders to the Governor to fur- 
render the Fortrefs, who obeyed, on condition he 
might be at Liberty to retire into the Kingdom of Cache* 
mire. When the captive Prince was brought to Behly , he 
was fet in an open Chair on the Back of an Elephant* 
with his Feet chained, and his youngeft Children about 
him, which moved the Companion of the People. His 
Brother Aurengzebe would not fee his Face, but ordered 
him to be fecured in a Caftle without the Town ; and, 
having affembled a Council of the principal Omrahs, he 
propofed it as a matter indifferent to him whether it were 
moft advifable to condemn Bara to perpetual Imprifon- 
ment, or deprive him of his Life; by which Means he 
did not doubt but he fhould difeover which of them were 
in Bared s Intereft, determining with himfelf not to {pare one 
of them. But thefe great Lords were all fo v/ife as to fave 
their own Lives by voting away their Mailer’s, except one* 
who had been his declared Enemy, which, kis faid, gave 
Aurengzebe fuch an Opinion of the Man, that he after- 
wards took him into the Number of his Friends. After 
long waiting the fatal Stroke, Sultan Bara met with it 
from the Hand of a common Executioner, who, with 
great Brutality, threw him on the Ground, and afterwards 
cut off his Head k Some of the Miffionaries have re- 
ported he died a Chriftian, but, as they do not produce 
any Evidence in fupport of it, we can fcarce credit the 
Fad barely on their Affertion. 
The perfonal Hatred of Aurengzebe to his Brother, 9 tis 
reported, was fuch, that he ordered Bara 9 s Head to be 
brought him, and viewed it with great Satisfadion, and 
infulting over it, laid, “ Behold the Remains of a weak 
“ Man, who would have wrefted a Crown from me he 
“ was not able to fuftain.” He afterwards ordered the 
Head to be carried to his Father Shah Jehan , and his Sif- 
ter Ichan Ara Begum , who were imprifoned in the Caftle of 
Agra ; at which melancholy Spedacle the old Emperor 
fell into a Swoon, but it did not break his Heart, as his 
pious Son Aurengzebe expeded ; nor was the Sight a Ids 
Affiidion to the Sifter, who had always efpoufed the In- 
tereft of Sultan Bara, and whom he had promifed to 
marry, ’tis faid, if ever he poffelfed the Throne. Sultan 
Sujah, the fecond Son of Shah Jehan, ftill remained in 
Bengal y but, upon the Approach of Aurengzebe s Army, 
finding himfelf in no Condition to oppofe fo great a Force, 
he propofed to retire to the Kingdom of Arracan , which 
lies to the South- Eaft of Bengal, but feparated from it by 
impaffable Mountains and Forrefts. The P ortugueze, 
who were then poffeffed of Chatigan , a Port near the 
Mouth of the River Ganges, took upon them to trans- 
port the Sultan, with his Treafure, and Family thither ; 
but, it is faid, they funk the Veffel in which the Money 
and Jewels were, and afterwards converted them to their 
own Ufe. However that be, Sultan Sujah arrived fafe at 
Arracan, though it might have been as happy for him 
if he had periffied at Sea with his Treafure ; for he had 
not been long in the Court of Arracan, before there hap- 
pened fome Mifunderftanding between him and the 
Prince he fled to for Refuge ; and not only himfelf, but 
his Wives and Children were all cut to Pieces in the Year 
1658. Thus miferably died the fecond Son of Shah Je- 
han, who firft began the Rebellion againfl: his Father. 
Sultan Chacu, eldeft Son of Bara , a Prince of great 
Expectation, ftill remained fecure from his Uncle’s Cru- 
elty in the Territories of the Rajah Sirmager , whom nei- 
ther Threats nor Promifes could move to deliver him up. 
But Aurengzebe fo infinuated himfelf into the Favour of 
Sirmager * s Son, that he prevailed with him to betray Sul- 
tan Chacu into his Hands ; to which end, a Hunting- 
Match was appointed, and Intelligence given in what 
Part of the Country they would hunt ; whereupon an At- 
a There are fome Writers, who tell us, that he did not fend his Son, Sultan Mohammed , immediately to this Prifon, but kept him fome Time under 
a Guard ; but when he had taken the eldeft Son of Sultan Dara, he fent them both thither, on the 14th of January , x 661, and kept them there ma- 
ny V ears, till, at laft, Mohammed died of a natural Death, as moft Writers fay, but, as fome would infmuate, by Poifon, which, however, is impro- 
bable ; becaufe, with equal Provocation from another of his Sons, this Emperor contented himfelf with a long Imprifonment, and fet him at Liberty 
before his Death. 
0 This Execution was performed in the Night, on the 28th of Auguft , 1 659. We are told, that a little before his Death, this Prince was aiked, by 
Aurengzebe' a Orders, what he would have done with him in cafe he had obtained the Viftory. As he is a Rebel, and a Murderer, anfwered Sultan 
para , he beft knows what he deferves ; which Anfwer occafioned his Death. It is highly probable, that Aurengzebe invented this Story, and caufed 
ft to be inferted in the Chronicles of the Mogul Empire, in order to execufe this Cruelty. At leaft this is certain, that he caufed the Hiftory of hi» 
Father’s Reign to be penned in fuch a Manner as might give the faireft Colour poflible to the foul Actions of which he had been guilty. And as he 
was a Perron of prodigious Abilities, it is very eafy to conceive that, by his Affiftauce, a very plauftble Account might be drawn, up. 
£ lach- 
