84S The BISTORT of the Book! 
fachment of the Mogul’ s Troops formed an Ambufcade* pie, towards who A he behaved with much Mild ne is and 
and carried off the young Prince, who was imprifcned in Moderation, at the fame time that he adminiftred the Go 
the Caille of Gallia , with his Uncle Morad . It was not vernment with great Wifdom and Juftice. 
long before he removed that Prince out of his Way ; n. The fecond Coronation of this Conqueror of his 
fome fay by a form of Law, under Pretence that he had own Family, was performed on the fifteenth of May, but 
taufed an Officer, fent by Shah Jehan ^ to enquire into his he ordered his Reign to be dated from the twelfth of that 
Conduft, to be murdered, which, if true, was a Very Month, in the Year of the Hegira io6q, and in the Year 
Angular Aft in one who had committed fo many Mur- of our Lord 1659, when he was in the" forty-firft Year of 
ders himfelf 1 but, however it was, all Authors agree that his Age^ He affumed, on this Occafion/ according to 
Sultan Morad was, by his Orders, put to death 6 . the Cuftom of the Empire* a new Stile, and called him- 
It was now, in the Judgment of Aurengzebe , a fit felf Mohy O’ Dm Mohammed Aurengzebe Alumguir , that is* 
Time that he fhould be more folemniy invefted with the The Reviver of Religion , Mohammed Aurengzebe.* Gon~ 
Government, and that the Omrahs and other Officers of the qiieror of the World . This laft Part of his Title gave great 
Court, fhould take the Oaths, and pay their Homage to Offence to the Rerfian Monarch, who thouo-ht that de- 
him, as was ufually pradtifed on every Emperor’s Accef- throning his Father, and murdering his Brothers, did not. 
fion. It was very wonderful that* as Things then flood, by any means, give this new Emperor a RUht to File 
either this, or any thing elfe, fhould be oppofed •, and yet himfelf Conqueror of the World. Aurengzebe , however, 
he met with fome Contradiction, where he leafl expected gave himfelf very little Trouble about what other People 
it. In fhort, the Cadi, or Head of the Mohammedan Re- thought; his Adtions were entirely governed by three ca~ 
ligion interpofed, and declared that, according to the Pre- pital Maxims, which were thefe: Firft, he ftudied the 
cepts of the Khoran, as well as the Laws of Nature, Khoran affiduoully, was extremely exadt in the Exteriors 
it was forbidden to acknowledge him as Emperor, while his of Religion, fhewed infinite Refpedt to the Clergy, and 
Father was flill living ; and the whole Empire was well was remarkably exadt in doing Juflice, and hearing Caufes* 
acquainted with the barbarous and bloody Methods by by which he engaged the Efteem of all the zealous Mo- 
which he had opened a Paffage to the Throne. To re- hammedans , and preferved the Affedtions of the Bulk of 
move this Qbftacle, he fummoned an Affembly of Mollas, his Subjedts. The fecond was, to have always a nume- 
or Dodtors of the Mohammedan Law, to whom he jufli- rous Army on Foot, commanded by himfelf, for it was 
fied his Title, by (hewing that his Father was fuperanu- his Opinion that, in all abfolute Governments, he who 
ated, that his Brother had been a Contemner of the Law, was at the Head of the Army was, in Fa®-, at the Head 
and a Favourer of Infidels, that he had violated their holy of the Empire. • Flis third Maxim was, to be always adtive, 
Religion by drinking Wine, and had a Defign entirely to that the great Officers under him might find fomewhat to 
fubvcrt the Conftitution, and introduce Unbelievers into do, and not run into Cabals for want of Employment, 
the Adminiftration ; and that it was only his Zeal to fee He puffied this iaft Principle fo far, that, falling foon af- 
the Precepts of theif Great Prophet maintained, which ter his Acceffion into a dangerous Ulnefs, and fearing that 
could have induced him to take the Government upon fome Advantage might be taken from thence to create 
him ; but the Cadi flill oppofing his Inauguration, he new Difturbances in the Government, he caufed himfelf 
procured him to be depofed, and a more complying High to be carried to Council in his Bed, and behaved himfelf 
Prieft fubftituted in his Room, who, being convinced by there with as much Temper and Patience as When he 
his Arguments, or terrified by his Troops, made no Op- was in perfedt Health. Some of the great Men, howe- 
pofition to his mounting the Throne. Thus this great ver, either from real Concern, or to make their Court to 
Point was fettled to his Satisfaction ; and from this fecond him, earneftly preffed him to fpare this Fatigue, and to 
Inauguration, he, by a fpecial Edidt, direded they ihouid take Care of his Health, which was of fo great Confe- 
reckon the Years of his Reign. All Parts of the Empire quence to the Empire ; to which Advice he gave this re- 
fubrnitted to him, without the leafl Difpute, and all the markable Anfwer : “ That the fame good Providence 
Princes, his Neighbours, fent to compliment him upon “ which had raifed him to the Crown, required he fhould 
his Acceffion, which, however, is to be underflood of his “ fpend his Time in hearing and redreffing the Grievances 
firft taking the Title of Emperor *, and out of the Num- “ of his Subjects ; and that Kings ceafed to be Kings 
ber of thefe Princes, we mull except the famous Shah “ when they did not govern their Kingdoms themfelves, 
Abbas, at that Time Monarch of Perfia , who, inflead of “ but left their People to be devoured by rapacious Mi- 
complimenting him on the acquiring his Crown, reproach- nifters. ” It is very probable, that there was, much 
ed him with his many barbarous Murders, his unnatural of Diffimulation, and little of Sincerity in this Anfwer ; 
Behaviour towards his Father, and his Treachery towards but I beg Leave to remark, that in Order to be perfedt, 
his Brethren. This Prince carried the Matter flill farther we fhould regard the Sayings of Hypocrites, and imitate 
when Aurengzebe fent a Miniflerto his Court, about fome the Adtions of good Men d . 
private Affairs, and, at the fame Time, charged with The Treatment which old Shah Jehan met with after 
very rich Prelents, for he caufed the Envoy’s Beard to be this Son of his was quietly feated on the Throne, was 
pulled up by the Roots, and directed the Prefents to be much better than he had received before, which had fuch 
burnt. He like wife granted his Protection to all the Mai- an Effect on the old Man, that he freely gave him fome 
contents that retired into Perfia , and was preparing to Jewels of prodigious Value, which he had threatened to 
have invaded the Indies , with a mofl powerful Army, break to pieces, and likewife yielded his Confent to the 
when he was taken off by Death, which, perhaps, was Marriage of the new Emperor with his Niece, the Daugh- 
as fortunate an Event for Aurengzebe as any in his ter of Sultan Dara , by which he was in Elopes of ftrength- 
whole Reign, fince all Things confidered, fuch an In- ening his Title to the Empire. But in the midft of thefe 
vafion might have been fatal, not fo much from the Regulations, Aurengzebe could not divefl himfelf of his 
Power of the Perfians , as from the general Difcontent Sufpicions, but remained under the utmofl Apprehenfions 
and Diffatisfadion of the People throughout all Indojlan , of his Generals, who were confcious of thofe wicked Arts 
which, however, wore off by degrees ; for, after he was by which he had raifed himfelf to the Throne, and parti- 
once poffeffed of the Empire, and firmly eflabiiffied in cularly of Emir Jemla, whom he advanced, indeed, to the 
that Poffeffion, Aurengzebe governed as well as any of his highefl Polls. Him, he employed in a diflant War, command- 
Predeceffors, efpecially with regard to the common Peo- ing him to invade the Territories of the Rajah of Acham , 
c The Method he took in deftroying this Brother, differed a little from that which he had pra&ifed towards Sultan Dara ; for he not only pretended 
to make a Sacrifice of him to the Publick Juftice of the Empire, but direfted that he fhould die by the Bite of a Serpent ; which, for that Purpofe, 
was fent to the Place where he was confined, and, as fome fay, bit him in his Sleep. 
d As much a Hypocrite, and as deep a Diffembler as this Monarch was, he chofe to avow things after they were done, and trufted rather to the 
Colourings that he was able to give them, than to the Methods that might have been taken either to conceal, or obfcure the Fafts. His conftant 
Topick was Neceffity. I knew my own Intentions, laid he, were to make the People of my Empire happy ; and that I might be able to fulfil thofe 
Intentions, I faw fuch and fuch Steps were neceffary : It was not therefore by Choice, that I acted cruelly in this, or that inftance, but I took off 
particular Men, that I might have it in my Power to fhew Juftice and Mercy to a whole Nation. This is what he has actually laid, or at leaft caufed 
to be laid for him, in the Hiftory of his Reign, penned by his Order , and it is very eafy to difcern, that the fame Excufes may be made by any bad 
Man for any bad Actions. 
a which 
