Chap II, Mogul 
This .Enterprise of Seva s was undertaken in January 
1664, and though Aurengzebe was piqued to the Heart to 
fee a little Pagan Prince contemn his Power, and plunder 
his belt Towns at Pleafure, he was not then, it feems, in 
a Condition to call him to an Account, and therefore 
thought fit to ftifle his Refentment ; nay, he extolled the 
furprizing of Surat as one of the greateft Actions that ever 
was performed, and infinuated to the Rajahs, who attended 
the Court, that he was ambitious of feeing fo great a Hero, 
defiring they would ufe their utmdft Art to invite, him 
into his Service, and gave them his Word he would protect 
him from all Violence. Seva hereupon ventured himfelf 
and his Son in the Mogul’s Camp, where they were received 
at firft with all imaginable Careffes •, but after fome Months, 
obferving a more than ordinary Coldnefs in the Mogul’s Be- 
haviour to him, and having fome Intimation that there was 
a Defign to difpatch him, he made his Efcape, with his Son, 
into Vijiaponr , where he and his Defendants maintained 
long Wars with Aurengzebe. That Monarch indeed out- 
lived him, but was never able to reduce all his Country j 
and during the Confufions that happened after his Death, 
the Pofterity of this Indian Prince grew ftronger, and more 
powerful every Day, and partly by eredting Forts in con- 
venient Places, partly by their Civilities to fuch as trade 
with them, have eftablifhed a Power, that it will not be 
eafy to fubdue. According to the very lateft Accounts we 
have from the Indies , the prefent Sehou Rajah , who keeps 
his Court at Settara in Deccan , is a Defendant of this Seva 
Rajah . He is a Prince of the Moharattas or Ganims , who 
have of late Years acquired a furprizing Power, making 
great Inroads into the Mogul’s Territories, and levying a 
Tribute from feveral Provinces. They have lately taken 
the Hand of Salfet , the Caftle and Town of Bachaim , with 
other Places from the Portugueze \ and have above two 
hundred thoufand Horfe in the Northern, Southern, and 
inland Provinces. 
But, to return to Aurengzebe , of whom we have not 
much more to fay. As foon as he began to feel the Ef- 
fects of Age, and that his Strength was on the decay, he 
refolved to fet his eldeft Son, Sultan Mohammed Mauzm , 
at Liberty, and bellowed upon him the Province of In - 
dojtan. He gave his fecond Son, Azem , the Government 
of Decan , and the Provinces depending upon it. To his 
youngeft Son he gave the new-conquered Provinces, and 
fiewed himfelf extremely folicitous about his Prefervation. 
A little before his Death, he was reduced very low by a 
dangerous Difeafe, which put all his Sons in Motion, and 
fhewed him plainly, that they regarded much more the 
Example he had left them in his Conduct, than the wife 
and peaceable Leffons he had taught them. He quieted 
however thefe Difturbances ; for, his eldeft Son, in Obe- 
dience to his Command, retired into his Province, but 
Sultan Azem continued to advance, yet with a fmall Body 
of Troops however 5 and as if he came to vifit his Father, 
and to enquire after his Health, which the old Emperor 
took very kindly, embraced him, and kept him with him 
as long as he lived, which was not above a few Months, 
for he was now in a manner worn out ; and yet his Senfes 
remained vigorous to the laft. 
He was then incamped in the Neighbourhood of 
Ahmednagur , in the Province of Dowlatabad , where he 
expired on the Twenty-firft of February , 1707, having 
reigned forty-eight Years, and lived eighty-nine. We 
are told, by many Hiftorians, that he lived to upwards of 
Empire; 65 i 
a hundred, which is a Miftake ; but w.e muft not fay the 
fame as to fuch Eaftern Authors as report that he was up- 
wards of Ninety, for they reckon by lunar Years *, ac- 
cording to which, he alfo reigned above fifty Years. . It 
does not appear that he intended, tiny of his Children 
ftiould fucceed him in the Whole of his Empire, not out 
of any Want of Affeftidn, or through Envy of their 
Glory, but becaufe he judged it for their mutual Intereft, td 
keep that Divifion which had been made by him in his 
Life-time *, yet he fore-faw that this would never take 
Place, and therefore contented himfelf with propofmg it 
as a Thing reafonable and proper, but without any ex- 
prefs Command, which he knew would be to no Purpofe. 
Some of the old Captains that were about him, were de- 
firous that he Ihould have declared his eldeft Son Sultart 
Mohammed Mauzm , his Succeflor,' which, at firft, he 
declined ; and when urged further, he could not help 
telling them plainly, I have done for him what I can, I 
have made him King of In doji an \ if he will have any 
thing more, lie muft afk it of Almighty God, in whofe 
PoWef it is. As his Will is a very Angular ’Piece, and 
may be of peculiar Ufe, not only td the Pliftory of the 
Mogul Empire, but in explaining the Character of its 
Author, I thought it might not be amifs to infert it here,’ 
efpecially as it is as fhort as it is curious. 
A t-ranflation of Aurengzebe^ Laft Will; 
“ Y CAME with empty Hands into the World, and* 
cs A w kh empty Hands I quit it. Whoever of my fortunate 
“ Children fhall chance to rule the Empire, let him net 
“ moleft Mohammed Kambilkjh, fhduld he reft contented 
et with the two new Sotibahs. There cannot be a belief 
“ Vizir than Emir al Omrah h . Let ail the King’s Ser- 
“ vants be true and faithful to Mohammed Azem Shah. 
“ Whoever fhall chance to have the Empire, let him not 
“ turn out, or moleft thofe born or bred up in my Houle. 
“If the Divifion, I formerly made, proves agreeable to 
“ my Children, it will prevent a great deal of Confufion 
“ and Blood-fhed. 
“ There are too imperial Seats, Agra and Dehly : 
<c Whoever fettles in Agra , may have the Province there- 
<c of, Decan, Malva , and Guzurat and who refides at 
“ Dehly , may have Cabul , and the other Provinces. I 
“ came naked into the World, and naked I go out of it. 
“ Let no Enfigns, or Royal Pomp, accompany my Fit- 
“ neral. Let Hamid o } din Khan , who is faithful and trufty, 
“ convey my Corps' to the Place of Shah Zen al din 1 , and 
“ make a Tomb for it in the fame Manner as is done fob 
“ Derveijhes. Let not my fortunate Children give them- 
“ felves any Concern about a Monument. 
“ There is, in my private Treafury, Fifty-feven thoir- 
44 fand, three hundred, and eighty-two Rupees, (which 
“ make Seven thoufand one hundred and feventy-two 
44 Pounds fifteen Shillings of our Money.) Let a thou- 
44 fand Rupees (which make One hundred and twenty- 
44 five Pounds of our Money) be diftributed among the 
46 Poor at my Funeral.” 
It is very remarkable, that this Monarch perfifted, to 
the laft, in maintaining his Character of a devout Mo- 
hammedan, and defpifed, after Death, all thofe Honouts 
which had been paid to his Predeceffors, as much as he did 
the Pomp and Magnificence, and the luxurious Pleafures 
Relations ; for they make Rajah Seva an able Partizan, whereas in truth he acted the Partizan only as an under Character, that was necefiary to make 
him a Prince. When his Coffers were again exhaufted, he had Recourfe a fecond time to the fame Expedient, and, which is very extraordinary, he 
demanded the Sum he wanted, and fent the Citizens of Surat Word of the Day and Hour when he. would come to receive it, and performed it again 
E lt 'h as mu U F ac Lty as. at ffrff. The fecond Remark is, that the Indian Rajahs going always to Court with a great Number of Attendants, he lent 
, l0 j?P s in Fnall Bodies, fo that they were not fufpedted of being in his Service, till they were actually in the Place, and then it was too fate to : 
think or Defence 3 for having taken their feveral Polls, the People could not ftir in any Quarter of Surat , without the immediate Danger of having 
them Throats cut. 1 his takes off the Improbability of the Thing, which otherwife would be fo great, that we could hardly credit it. 
I ins Title 01 Emir ai Omra, rendered literally, is the Prince of Princes ; for Omra is the Plural of Emir, but rendered fignifieally, and with 
due Regard to the Idiom of Languages, ffgnifies Prime Minijler. This great Officer, in the Court of the Mogul, has many more Titles agreeable 
to the romp of the Eaftern Language. He is, for Example, ftiled 3 The Security of Fortune and Trull worthy of the Empire i Chief of the Omralis 
or exalted Rank 3 chofen among the Khans of the High Court 3 Manager of the Empire, and of its Riches 3 Director of its Fortune and Grandeur 3 
Mailer ol the Sword and Pen 3 Exalter of the Standard and Enfign ; Vizir of true Judgment 3 Prop of the Empire 3 Supreme Manager of its Affairs - 
The Vidonous General 3 The Grateful Friend, and Patron for all Vizirs. 6 
.y Zen al din fignifies literally, The Ornameat of Religion, and Shah, which ffgnifies King, is a Title frequently given to Dirveifses. This Zen al 
wnwr UfT ble ^ a ' lton » W F°. kept his Cell near that City, and was buried there, which being reckoned a iandtified Place, Aurengzebe in hi's 
♦k d r • C< * ^“ 0U ^ I 3 * 2 interred ^yre. As this Prince was very zealous, or, at leall pretended to be fo, for Mohammediim thofe of 
, .it xengion a great Merit of vifiting his Tomb, efpecially on the 28th of the Month Zeccadih, which was the Day he died on, 
Of 
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