Chap II. Portuguese Empire in the Eaft-Indies. 679 
crefs of Orange , by which they fixed themfelves fo well, together With Thomas Per era , with the Character of 
that no European, Nation has been able to diflodge Embaffador from Emanuef King of Portugal. On their 
£ } iem> Arrival at the Mouth of the River Canton , the P.ortugueze 
Tidor is larger than Termite > is alio a particular King- Ships were flopped by the Chinefe , and only two fullered, 
dom, and produces the fame Fruits : It lies a little South- to proceed up the River, on Board one of which was the 
Eaft from Ternate , near the Line., The Spaniards aififted Embaffador, and the Portugueze Commodore Andrada, who 
the Inhabitants againft thofe of Ternate at firft, but had was a Man of Quality and of ftnct Honour, fo that he foon 
War with them at laft, and treated them barbaroufly, till gained very much on the Chinefe , notwithftanding their 
expelled by the League above-mentioned. The Dutch natural Averfion to Strangers. By his Civility and polite 
attacked the Spaniards here in 1607, and afterwards with- Behaviour, he firft drew them to trade with him, and then, 
out Succefs ; but, at laft, took it by the Affiftance of the by his Exa&nefs and Probity, brought them to have a 
King of Ternate , after an obftinate Refiftance, and were Confidence in him but what had the greatcft Effed of all, 
kindly received by the King, who allowed them to fettle and might have eftablifhed the Commerce of the Porlu - 
Factories here. The Capital is of the fame Name, and has gueze to the Exclufion of all other European Nations was, 
an Harbour about a Stone’s Throw from theShore, dry at his giving Notice a little before his Departure, that at 
Low-water, and defended by a Chain of narrow Rocks, fuch a Time he meant to fail, and that if any Body had 
over which the Tide rifes from three to fix Foot. The Demands upon him, or any who belonged to him, they 
Town is very ftrong by Nature. might, before that Time, apply and receive Satisfac- 
Motir , Motif or Timor , lies between Tidor and Ma- tion. 
chian. It was laid watte, during the inteftine Wars ; but This, it feems, was a Thing new to the Chinefe , , but 
the Dutch built a Fort at the North End of it, which en- withal fo agreeable, as they made him the higheft Protef- 
couraged the Inhabitants to return from Gilolo, continuing tations of Friendship, and allured him that they would 
firm to the Dutch ; the Spaniards durft not attack it. Ma - willingly trade with his Nation, in Hopes of meeting with 
chian lies juft under the Line South from Motir. The the like juft Uiage : But this fair Profped did not conti- 
Dutch took it from the Spaniards in 1609, and built three nue long ; and, as this was the firft, it had alfo very near 
Forts here. It is feven Leagues in Compafs, and has fe- proved the laft Foyage of the Portugueze hither. The 
veral little Towns ; the Inhabitants were then about Nine Captains of the Ships that were left at anchor at the Mouth 
thoufand : It was reckoned the fruitfuleft of the Moluccas , ot the River, were the Occafion of this, for they landed 
and produced the belt’ Cloves, The Inhabitants were more and fell into Trade with the Natives 5 but prefuming on 
induftrious than their Neighbours.. Bachian , the laft of their Power in the Indies , they began to treat the Chinefe 
the proper Moluccas lies South from Machian , and was a in the fame manner they had done other People; that is to 
Kingdom. The Country is large; and defert ; it abounds fay, they landed feveral Pieces of Cannon, and then took 
with Sagu, Fruits, Fifh, and many other Sorts of Provi- what Goods they pleafed, and at what Rates they thought 
lions. It was formerly very potent, and had the beft fit, committing many other infolences, fuch as ravifhingWo- 
Cloves in the Moluccas , but was ruined by the Idlenefs of men, and trading with Pirates for fuch Perfons as they had 
the Inhabitants. They had an Alliance with the Portu- taken Prifoners, of whom the Portugueze made Slaves. 
gueze and Spaniards , who planted Garrifons there, but The Viceroy of the Province quickly affembled a great 
were difpoffeffed by the Dutch in 1610, who built other naval Force, with which he iurrounded the Portugueze 
Ports, and obtained a Liberty to trade without paying Cuf- Squadron, and had infallibly taken every Ship, if a Storm 
tom. The Ifle of Lahova lies fo near it, that they fre- had not rifen, which fcattered the Chinefe- Fleet, and gave 
quently go by the fame Name, though each had their par- them an Opportunity of returning to Malacca with more 
ticuiar King. The latter is very pleafanr, and abounds in Profit than Honour. As for the Embaffador, Thomas Pe- 
Cloves. The Inhabitants rebelled againft the Dutch , but rgra, he, though perfe&ly innocent, proved the Vidtinr of 
were forced to fubmit, and have been lince kept in Awe his Countrymens bad Behaviour ; for the Chinefe Court 
• by Fort Barnevelt. having received Advice of what had paffed before his Ar- 
" The I Hand of Bouro was formerly fubjefl to the King rival, not only refilled him Audience, but lent him back 
of Ternate ; it is not very confiderable ; but while in to Canton in Chains, where he was put into the common 
the Hands of the Portugueze , was more confiderable than Prifon with the loweft and vileft Criminals, and there 
it is at prefent. But the Hand they chiefly depended up- fpent his miferable Life for feveral Years ; till, at length, 
on was that of Timor , which is much larger than the other worn out with Hardfhips, he expired in fuch wretched 
of the fame Name before-mentioned, and was extremely Circumftances, that he did not leave wherewith to bury 
fruitful, fo that it fupplied moft of the Moluccas with Pro- him °. 
vifions. Weft from thence lies the Hand of Solor, in It was many Years before the Chinefe would fuffer the 
which was a ftrong Fortrefs, wherein the Portugueze Gar- Portugueze to have any Trade with them at all , but, at 
rifon held out a Siege of two Months againft the Dutch laft, permitted them to fend annually fome Ships to the 
Fleet and Army ; and, when they furrendered, marched Hand of Sanchan , where they were allowed to erect 
out near one thoufand ftrong. There are many other Tents on Shore, for a very fmall Space of Time, in which 
Hands, which are commonly, lince the Dutch Conqueft, they difpofed of their Merchandize. At length, in the 
ftiied the Moluccas y becaule they make that Word fyno- Beginning of the fifteenth Century, a favourable Oppor- 
nimous with the Spice- Hands ; whereas the Moluccas, tunity offered, not only of reftonng their Commerce, but 
ftrictly (peaking, are no more than the five Hands firft de- of procuring an Eftablifhment in China , which is what no 
fcribed. It was with the Spices they produced, that the other Nation ever had toboaft. The Thing' fell out thus , 
Portugueze traded throughout the whole Extent of the In - A certain Pirate, whofe Name was Tchangji ,Lao, commit-. 
dies ; that is to fay, from China to the Coafts of JEgypt d . ted prodigious Ravages upon the Coafts, and having at laft 
16. The Viceroy Lopez Suarez, Succeffor to the fa- acquired a great Force, he made himfelf Matter of the 
mous Don Alphonfo d\ Albuquerque, was the firft who little Hand of Macao , and from thence not only blocked 
thought of eftablifhing a Commerce with China ; and in up the Port of Canton , but proceeded fo far as to befiege 
the Year 1517, lent for that Purpofe Ferdinand Andrada , the City. The Mandarines , in this Diftrefs, had Recourie 
with a Squadron of eight Ships, laden with Merchandize, to the Portugueze , whofe Ships were then at the Hand of 
& The King of Portugal likewife maintained a Galleon for bringing the Tributes of the Moluccas , officered in the fame Manner as that mentioned in 
the laft Note ; but inaimuch as the Voyage was longer, and there were more Seamen employed, the yearly Expence amounted to 3,292,998 Reeys, 
or zocB /. 2 s. g d. which thews that the publiek Revenue was adminiftred there with great Oeconomy in thofe Times. 
c The famous Portugueze Hiilorian, John de Barros, though, otherwife, a very candid Writer, endeavours, as far as he is able, to cover and dif- 
guife this Faft ; but other Writers, even of that Nation, confefs it ingenuoutly, and fpeak of it as it deferves, It proved, without doubt, of infinite 
Prejudice to their Concerns, as indeed their Pride and over-bearing Temper did in many other Places. It may be jultly wondered, that they never em- 
ployed Force while their Affairs in the Indies were in fo fkmrifhing a Condition ; but they were reftrained from this, by their Fear that the Chinefe 
would revenge any Injuries they did them upon the Chriftians, which is very probable, j and therefore they were in the right to proceed as they did. 
To fay the Truth, the Portugueze feem, of all the Nations in the VV orld, the leaft fit to have any Correfpondence with the Chinefe 3 becaufe of their 
haughty and aftuming Temper, and of the natural Sufpicion of the Natives of that Empire, < 
