Chap. 1L through feveral Countries of the INDIES, 
to the Village of Onclaffor, and the next Day, being the 
26th of December, to Surat. 
19. The Day after my Arrival at Surat , I was prefent 
at the Refignation of Mr. Metwold , the then chief Direc- 
tor of the Englijh EaJt-India Company to Mr. Ff ending, 
who had been his Deputy before ; there were prefent at it 
five Confuls, or Head Fadtors of that Nation in the Indies ; 
three Minifters, two Phyficians, and twenty-five Merchants. 
After he had given them Thanks for their Fidelity to the 
Company, and for the Affection and Refpedt they had 
fhewed to his Perfon, he begged of them to continue the 
fame both to the Company and Mr. Fr ending ^ and thus 
with a fhort Complement he commiffioned the faid Mr. 
Fremling ; after which he gave us a very magnificent Enter- 
tainment, there being not any thing wanting that the Sea 
fon afforded *, befides that we had a good Share both of 
the Englijh and Indian Mufick, as well as the Women 
Dancers. December the 28th the new Sultan or Governor 
of Surat made his publick Entry through that Place, having 
carried before him a certain Number of Palanquins , followed 
by one hundred and twenty Foot Soldiers, twenty of which 
carried Banners after the Indian Fafhion. His Name was 
Myrfa Mohammed , and was mounted on a 'moft excellent 
Perfian Horfe. Almoft all the Perfons of Note of the Pro- 
vince, and among the reft the chief of the Englijh Mer- 
chants, conduced him to his Palace. Immediately after 
the Eftablifhment of the new Englijh Chief, the Factors 
and Merchants returned to their reipedtive Places of Refi- 
dence, and the two Englijh Ships then in Harbour there, 
called the Mary and the Swan , were ordered to difpofe 
every thing for their Voyage, the latter being to fail ten 
Days before the other, and to expedt our coming at the Cape 
of Good Hope. 
But before we take our laft Farewel of Surat , it will be 
requifite we ftiould difcharge ourfelves of our Pro mile of 
giving you fome Account of the Province of Guzarat , in 
which it lies. The Occafion of the Kingdom of Guzarat 
being incorporated with the Mogul’sEmpire, happened thus : 
Mamet Khan, a Favourite of Sultan Mohammed King of 
Guzarat, who died 1545, and conftituted Guardian to the 
young King his Son, who was then not above eleven Years 
of Age, finding himfelf uneafy in this Station, by reafon 
of the Jealoufy of the chief Lords of the Kingdom againft 
him, craved the Aftiftance of Achobar the then Great 
Mogul, or Emperor of In doji an , to maintain him in his 
Dignity, offering the City of Amadabat to him as a Pledge 
for his Fidelity ; the Mogul, willing to accept of fo fair an 
Opportunity, not only poffeffed himfelf of Amadabat, but 
alio of the whole Kingdom, carrying both the young King 
and his Guardian away into Captivity. The King being 
afterwards come to Age of Maturity, found means to make 
his Efcape, and to repafs fome Part of his Dominions ; but 
the Mogul was fo clofe upon his Heels, that in lefs than 
a Twelve- month’s Time he chafed him thence, and the 
King of Guzarat, finding himfelf a fecond Time fallen into 
an Enemy’s Hands, from whom he expected no good 
Treatment, cut his own Throat. 
Ever fince that time* this Province is governed by a Sul- 
tan or Viceroy, who has an abfolute Authority here in ma- 
naging both the publick Affairs of the Government, as 
well as all the Revenues thereunto belonging, which are very 
great, and formerly amounted to eighteen Millions of Gold, 
befides the Cuftoms of Broitfchia and Brodra , which pro- 
duced eighteen hundred thoufand Crowns per Annum, the 
reft arifing for the moft part out of the third Part of the 
Arable Lands which belong to the King’s Revenues, 
which are affigned to the Governor for the Maintenance of 
a certain Body of Horfe and Foot, to bridle the Infolence of 
certain petty Princes inhabiting the Mountains, and to clear 
the Highways from certain infolent Robbers, who iffue 
forth out of the Woods in Troops of three or four hun- 
dred, and make the Roads very unfafe. But as the Num- 
ber of Troops that are kept thus falls very fhort from what 
they ought to be, this, with the abfolute Difpofal of Ju- 
ftice, which the Governor is intruded with, gives luch an 
Opportunity of amafling prodigious Wealth as is almoft in- 
conceivable. His ordinary Refidence is at Amadabat , and 
his Court and Equipage fo fplendid when he appears in 
publick, that fcarce any Court in Chriftendom is to be com- 
Numb. LIE 
pared with it 5 but a§ thefe Governors are merely depend- 
ing on the Mogul’s Pieafure, fo they are fure to make the 
belt Ufe they poffibly can of their Time to enrich them* 
felves at any rate, Flence it is, that he who complains to 
them firft, and knows how to back it with Money, lhall 
feldom go off a lofer ; neither is any Crime fo great, but 
what may be bought off with Money. 
The Couteval, or Governor’s Deputy, has, however, 
the Privilege of giving Judgment in Affairs of lefs Mo- 
ment, and it is he who directs the Brothel-houfes, and re^ 
ceives their Taxes ; for as they look upon Murder and 
Adultery (efpecially if committed with a Woman of Qua- 
lity) as the greateft Crimes, fo they not only allow, 
but alfo protect Proftitutes, and that with fo much Circum- 
fped'ion, that it is both without Danger and Blame that 
People frequent thofe Houfes. Having given you before 
a fhort Account of thofe Cities we paffed through in our 
Journey to and from Agra, we will here alfo fay fomething 
of the reft of the Cities belonging to this Province. Goga 
is an open Place thirty Leagues from Cambay a, fituated upon 
the Gulph, where it is fo narrow, that it rather refembles 
a River than an Inland Sea. It is chiefly inhabited by Ban- 
jam ; the Portugueze Ships keep there their Rendezvous, in 
order to convey their Ships to Goa. Pattepatan and Man- 
ger ol, two large Towns, nine Leagues from Goza, are in- 
habited by Calico- Weavers ; the City of Diu lies upon the 
Southern Frontiers of the Kingdom •, the Portugueze have 
three confiderable Forts there. The City of Bifantagan 
contains above twenty thoufand Houfes, and is conlequently 
one of the biggeft of the whole Province. The Fertility of 
the adjacent Country in Rice, Wheat, Cotton, and Pa- 
ftures, and its Situation, which is in the Centre of the Pro- 
vince, has railed it of late to what it is, it being formerly 
but an inconflderable Village. The City of Pattan was for- 
merly one of the moft confiderable of thofe Parts, having 
fix Leagues in Circumference, and encompaffed with a 
good Wall of Free-ftone, which is now decayed in many 
Places. 
Since, the Trade of this Place has been deftroyed by a 
certain kind of Thieves, which fo infeft the Roads there- 
abouts, that the Merchants durft not venture their Perfons 
and Commodities thither. The Inhabitants live now, for 
the moft part, by weaving Silk Stuffs, and Calicoes *, but 
the laft are very coarfe. The Governor has his Refidence 
in a very noble Caftle ; and in the very Centre of the City 
is one of the moft fumptuous Mofques of all the Eaft, the 
Roof being fuftained by one thoufand and fifty Pillars, moft 
of Marble. Cheytepour is a fmall City garrifoned only by. 
a hundred and fifty Men for the Security of the Caravans, 
fix Leagues from Pattan , and twenty-two from Amadabat , 
fituate upon the Banks of a fmall River. The Inhabitants 
are Banyans, who live on weaving of Calicoes, and 
making of Cotton-yarn. Mejfana is an open Place, but 
maintains two hundred Horfe Soldiers in an old ruined 
Caftle, for the fafe Paffage of the Caravans. Some Cali- 
coes are made here, the Country being very fertile in Cot- 
ton. The three fmall Cities of Vajfari, Gaudin, and Bal- 
fara, are under the Jurifdidtion of Surat , the firft lying 
fix Leagues, the fecond nine Leagues, and the third four- 
teen Leagues thence, and all three not above two Leagues 
Diftance from the Sea. Their Trade is in coarfe Cottons, 
which are made in great Quantities here : The Country 
thereabouts alfo affords great Plenty of Timber for the 
building both of Houfes and Ships. 
20. The Defcendants from the ancient Inhabitants of 
this Province are ftill Pagans, and are called Hindou , or 
Indou. The Mohammedan Religion was firft introduced 
here by 'Tamerlane, and is fince encreafed by the great 
Concourfe of Strangers of the fame Religion ; this Coun- 
try being inhabited by Perfians, Arabians , Armenians , and 
and feveral other Nations ; but you feldom meet with any 
Chinefe or JaponeJe here. As moft of the Mohammedans 
here profels the fame Religion with the Perfians, fo their 
Language is as current here as the Indian. The Indian 
Mohammedans indeed adhere to the Opinion of Hembili and 
Maleki , whereas the Perfians admit of no other Expofi- 
tions of the Alchoran but thofe of Holy and Tzaferfaduck , 
but they both, with the fame Zeal, rejedt that of the 
TurJdJh Interpreter Iianijf. They are generally of an 
9 I olive 
