876 An hiftorical Account of the Intercourfe Book I. 
to the Great Mogul, by whom he was very kindly receiv- In this Year Captain Saris alfo returned with a very rich 
ed, and by his prudent Management a good Correipon- Lading, and Sir Thomas Smith , Governor of the Eafi -India 
dence was eftablifhed between the two Courts. Company, having reprefented to the King, that they had 
In the Spring of the Year 1 607, the Company fent the left Mr. Paul Cannings as their Agent, at the Court of the 
AJcenfion and the Union to the Red-Sea , and the Coaft of Great Mogul •, but that they conceived it would be for the 
Arabia , which, however, proved but indifferent in their Benefit of the Company, and for the Honour of the Na- 
Succefs. In April 1609, Captain David Middleton^ in the tion, if his Majefty would be pleafed to fend a Perfon of 
Expedition , was fent by the Company to the Moluccas , Diftindtion, with the Title of his Embaflador, to that 
where the Dutch now began to a£t as Mailers, and had a great Prince ; to this his Majefty confented, and ap- 
Defign of feizing the Captain’s Ship, which by his good pointed Sir Thomas Roe , Knight, his Embaflador. The 
Management he prevented, and brought home with him Company alfo, to fhew their Gratitude, fitted out a fine 
a hundred and thirty-nine Tuns of Nutmegs, and the like Squadron of four large Ships, under the Command of 
Quantity of Mace, befides Pepper and other valuable Captain Keeling , who carried Sir Thomas Roe fafe to India, 
Goods, which I conceive to have been the moft profper- where he profecuted his Affairs with great Succefs. The 
ous Voyage that had been undertaken by the Company. Englijh and Dutch Companies in the Indies were now grown 
5. The Eajl-India Company now began to make a great fo powerful, that they began to extend the Sovereignty of 
Figure, to employ a vaft Number of Men, and to export their refpe&ive Countries over feveral Places in the Indies , 
large Quantities of Englijh Goods and Manufactures, fo and the Englijh particularly procured from the Inhabitants 
that they conceived, that though their former Charter was of the Ifland of Banda a Surrender of themfelves to the 
not expired, yet upon due Application his Majefty might 
be prevailed upon to fulfil the Promife of his Royal Prede- 
ceflor, inafmuch as they had already fulfilled the Terms 
upon which that Promife was made, and had rendered it 
manifeft, that the continuing this Corporation would be for 
the common Benefit of the whole EngliJJo Nation. Upon 
a Reprefentation to this Purpofe, his Majefty was gracioufiy 
pleafed, in the Month of May 1609, to enlarge their firll 
Charter, in the Manner they defired, and to make it per- 
petual ; upon which the Company began to build a very 
large fine Ship, of the Burthen of one thoufand two hun- 
dred Tuns, which is taken Notice of even by our general 
Hiftorians, becaufe this was the firft great Ship that had 
been built in this Kingdom, the Cuftom having hitherto 
been to buy them ready built in fome of the Hanfe-Towns ; 
and it is farther obferved both by John Stowe and Sir Wil- 
liam MonJon , that the JeJus of Lubeck , which Sir John 
Hawkins loft in the Weft- Indies, was the laft great Ship 
which was either builded or bought beyond the Seas. 
They likewife built a new Pinnace of two hundred and fifty 
Tuns to attend the great Ship ; and when both were ready 
to be launched, the King, the Prince of Wales , and a great 
Number of the principal Nobility of the Kingdom, went 
down to Deptford , where they dined on Board the great 
Ship, and were all entertained in China ; the Diflies and 
Plates, after the Dinner was over, though then great Cu- 
riofities, and of high Price, were left to be taken away by 
the Servants, or whoever elfe had a Mind to them. 
His Majefty, at the Time of launching the Ship, called 
it the Trade's Increafe , and gave the Pinnace the Name of 
the Pepper-corn. In the fucceeding Spring the Company 
fitted out for their fixth Voyage this new Ship and Pin- 
nace, together with two others, under the Command of 
Sir Henry Middleton , Knight, at the Expence of eighty 
thoufand Pounds. In 1610, they fent a (ingle Ship, and 
the fucceeding Spring three Ships, under the Command of 
Captain John Saris , at the Expence of threelcore thoufand 
Pounds. 
The Portuguese at this Time endeavoured to hinder the 
Englijh from trading on the Coaft of India , which obliged 
the Company to be at more than ufual Pains and Expence 
in equipping out their next Squadron, which failed in the 
Year 161 1, and confifted of four large Ships, of which the 
biggeft was the Dragon , commanded by Captain Thomas 
Bejl , who arrived fafely at Surat in fix Months, and fettled 
a Faflory there, which he had hardly done before the 
Viceroy at Goa fitted out a large Fleet to deftroy him. It 
confifted of four great Galleons, and twenty-fix Gallies, 
in which were five thoufand Men, and one hundred and 
thirty Pieces of Cannon ; but Captain Bejl , though he had 
with him only a fmall Pinnace, refolved to maintain his 
Factory, and in Defence of it, engaged and defeated this 
Portuguese Armada , in which Adtion they loft twelve hun- 
dred Men. After this the Portuguese never more difturbed 
the Englijh upon that Coaft *, and as for Captain Bejl , when 
he had fettled- every thing to his good liking at Surat , he 
failed to Java , and having taken a valuable Cargo on Board 
there, returned fafely to London in the Month of July 
id 14. 
Crown of England , which they did by a formal Inftru- 
ment, which, howeyer, did not hinder the Dutch , who 
alledged, that they had prior Claims upon thofe Countries, 
from endeavouring to make themfelves Mailers of them, 
l he Englijh on the other hand proceeded in extending their 
Dominions in the Eajl-Indies , without confidering that 
they wanted a Force to maintain them, and procured like- 
wife the Surrender of Lantore by another folemn Inftru- 
ment, under the Hands of the Natives, dated the 24th of 
November 1620. 
It is very certain that all this was very well defigned, 
and that the Engliflj Company, if they had been ftrong 
enough, would by this means have procured to them- 
felves a very large Share of the Spice Trade ; but as 
it was, they only opened a Way to their own Deftru&ion. 
While this was doing in the Indies , there was a Treaty car- 
ried on in Europe for the fettling all the Differences between 
the two Companies, of which, as there is nothing faid in 
any of our general Hiftories, it is requifite that we fhould 
give a diftindt Account here. 
There had been two Commiflions iffued by King 
James for Treaties, for the Regulation of thefe Differences, 
the one in the Year 1613, when the Conferences were held 
at London , the fecond in 1615, when the Negotiation was 
carried on at the Hague ; but both thefe proved ineffedlual, 
and therefore a new Treaty was had in the Year 1619, 
between Commiflioners appointed by each of the Eajt-lndia 
Companies, Englijh and Dutch , under the Infpedlion and 
Direction of Minifters Plenipotentiaries from the King of 
Great-Britain , and the States General. The Treaty be- 
tween the two Companies was concluded on the feventh of 
July , by which it was agreed, that all paft Offences on 
either Side fliould be buried in Oblivion, that both Com- 
panies fhould trade freely upon their own Stock, for their 
own Benefit, but with a mutual Regard to each others In- 
tereft j that the Price of Pepper, and other Spices, fliould 
be amicably fettled between them j that the Molucca 
Iflands, together with thofe of Banda and Amjboyna , fliould 
belong to the Englijh and Dutch 1 but in fuch a manner, 
that the Englijh fliculd have but one- third of the Trade, 
and the Dutch two-thirds. 
That the Expence of the Fortifications in thofe Iflands 
fhould be defrayed by a Duty or Impofition on the Spices 
exported from them ; that a Council of Defence fliould be 
eredled, compofed of Members of both Companies, who 
fliould provide fuch Ships of War as are mentioned in the 
Treaty, for the joint Defence of both Companies •, that the 
Fortreffes erecled in thofe Parts fliculd remain in the Hands 
of thofe who are poffeffed of them •, and that fuch as had 
been acquired by both Companies, fliould remain to, and 
be poffeffed by them both, and be garrifoned by EngUJh 
and Dutch Troops, according as this Matter fhould be fet- 
tled and adjufted by the Council of Defence before men- 
tioned ; that for the future the whole Trade of the Indies 
fhould be free to both Nations, and that neither fhould 
attempt to fhut out the other by Fortifications, or Con- 
tradls, with the Natives ; that to render this Treaty more 
effedlual, his Brit.annick Majefty, and the States General, 
fhould be moft humbly defired not to eredft any other Com- 
panies 
