BUCKTHORN. 
Natural Order, Rhamne^. Linncean Classification, 
Pentandria, Monogynia. 
RHAMNUS, t (Linn.) 
Calyx urceolate, with the border 4 or 5-cleft. Petals 4 or 5 , 
alternating with the calyx, entire, emarginate or 2-lobed, more 
or less convolute, sometimes wanting. Torus thin, lining the 
tube of the calyx. Stamina situated before the petals. Ovary 
free, and not immersed in the torus or disk, 2 to 4 celled. 
Styles 2 to 4, distinct, or combined. Fruit drupaceous, con- 
taining 2 to 4 cartilaginous nuts. 
The Buckthorns are all shrubs or small trees, with alternate 
and rarely opposite leaves, on short petioles, often pennately 
nerved. The flowers are small and greenish, usually in short 
axillary clusters or small corymbs. 
CAROLINA BUCKTHORN. 
RHAMNUS carolinianus, (Walter, Flor. Carol, p. 101.) 
erectus,foliis ovali-oblongis integriusculis glabris, umbellis 
pedunculatis , ftoribus hermaphroditis , fructibus globosis. 
Miciiaux, Flora Boreal. Amer., vol. 1. p. 153. Dec and. 
Prod., vol. 2. p. 26. 
Rhamnus Carolinianus; erect, unarmed; leaves oval-oblong, 
obscurely serrate, nearly glabrous (or rarely pubescent be- 
neath); umbels axillary, on peduncles much shorter than the 
petioles; flowers perfect, pentandrous (sometimes tetrandrous), 
petals minute, embracing the very short stamens; styles united 
to the summit; stigmas 3; fruit globose, rather dry, 3 to 4 
seeded. Torrey and Gray, Flora N. Amer. 1. p. 262. 
This fine Buckthorn, though usually a shrub in our 
f From the Celtic ram , branching: and hence the Greek 
