FOREST AND STREAM 
361 
with the complexity and expense of a link motion. There 
are several compact forms of fast running engines that may 
take the place of the vertical. Unfortunately the best are 
made in England, and import duties are high. I refer partic- 
ularly to W 11 Ians’ three cylinder engines and also to Halsey’s, 
both of wiiicli ore simple, compact, capable of high speed, and 
last, but not least, their centre of gravity is very low down, 
addiug greatly to the stability of the boat. The thrust -block 
is an important part of the shaft fittings. The best plan is a 
series of solid rings on the shaft running in a box with grooves 
to correspond, and kept well oiled. A surface condenser 
may be made by running hard drawn brass pipe from the ex- 
haust down through the bottom of the boat, carrying them 
along the keel to and around the stern post and back on the 
other side of the keel to a connection with a hot well and air 
pump. This plan is often used for boats that run much on 
salt water, as but little fresh water need be carried in the tank. 
It is preferable, however, to dispense with this refinement in 
small boats. The model with this article is designed to show 
the best mode of placing the screw, it is also suggestive of a 
boat that will give a moderate speed — ten to twelve miles per 
hour, if well engined. The following tables of sizes of boats, 
engiues, c(c., have been compiled from the best examples of 
home and foreign practice, and will be found a good guide. 
Where indicated horse power is mentioned, it means that the 
engines are measured by aa engine indicator, and arc actual 
horse powers— not the nominal horse power of engine builders 
founded on the size of the cylinder. John Penn & Son, the 
eminent engineers of Greenwich, use the following dimensions 
for small launches. 
Length of launch— 2lft., 31ft., 52ft. Beam— 5ft. 4in., 6ft., 
Oft. Draft— lft. 2in., and 2ft. 3iD.; 1ft. Oin., and 2ft. Sin.; 
lft. 4in., and 3ft. Diameter of cylinder— 4>£in., 5in., 7in. 
Stroke— 5in., 6in., Gin. Indicated H. P.— 6>£, 101<i, 20. 
Weight, E. and boiler with water— OOOlbs., l,7001bs., 3, 6001bs. 
Yarrow & Hedley, Poplar, London, one of the most ex- 
tensive builders of steam launches in the world, and who have 
made the business a specialty for years, furnish the following 
standard sizes : 
Length of launch— 23ft., 30ft., 37ft., 43ft., 50ft. Beam— 
5ft. Sin., 6ft., Oft. Oin., 8ft. Oft. 6in. Draft— 2ft., 2ft. 3in., 
2ft. Gin., 2ft. Oin., 3ft. Indicated H. P.— 5, 7, 12, 1(5, 30. 
The steam yacht Hermione, constructed by Edwards & 
Byrnes, London, is 55ft. long, lift, beam, 5jft. deep. En- 
gines, two cylinders, each 8in. diameter and Oin., 
stroke; heating surface of boiler, 325 square ft. ; grate surface 
13 square ft. When worked with eighty lbs. «f steam, the en- 
gines make 220 revolutions per minute, and the speed is thir- 
teen miles per hour. When working at full speed the engines 
develop 120 indicated horse power and the boat makes fifteen 
miles per hour easily. 
Mr J. S. White, of Oowes, England, constructed a steam 
yacht for the Khedive of Egypt, which is noted as a fine sea 
boat with a good medium speed — a .perfect success every way. 
The following are the dimensions : Length, 50ft; beam, 10 
ft ; draft, forward, 2ft. lOin ; draft, aft, 3ft. 6in ; displace- 
ment, 11 tons ; screw (four bladed), 3ft. 6in. diameter ; pitch 
(average), 3ft. 10in.; engine, two cylinders, 7 Jin. diameter 
and Gin. stroke; grate surface, 5 % square feet; speed, 11 
to 12 miles an hour ; indicated horse power, 43. 
Thorneycroft &Co , of Cheswick, England, build the fastest 
steam yachts known. The Miranda is 50ft. long over all ; 
on water line, 45ft. Gin.? beam, 6ft. Gin.; on the water line, 
5ft. 9jin. ; draft of water at the stern in running trim, with 
six persons and 336 pounds of coal aboard, is 2ft. Gin. taking 
extreme depth of the screw. The hull is built entirely of Bes- 
semer steel, and is from 1-16, to £ of an inch thick. The en- 
gines have two cylinders, Gin. diameter, and 8in. stroke. The 
screw is two bladed, 2ft. 6 jin. in diameter, and 3ft. 4in. pitch. 
The screw shaft is inclined" one foot in 28 feet. Heating surface 
in ’ oiler, 116 square feet ; grate surface, 4J square feet. Lo- 
comotive boiler, plates steel, 5-lGin. thick ; fire box copper, 
3-8in. thick; fire box stays, Jin. thick, placed 4in. apart. A 
3 mil i metre Giffrard injector is used to feed the boiler. The 
boiler is 30in. diameter, and 3ft. 54in. between tube 
plates ; 74 brass tubes, 1 jin. outside diameter. Working 
pressure of steam, 120 pounds ; weight of engines, machinery 
and boiler (with water up to working level), 4,500 pounds. 
At 300 revolutions per minute the speed is 11 miles per hour; 
and the engines indicate 11 horse power ; slip of the screw at 
this speed 12.9 percent.; at 500 revolutions per minute, the 
speed is 16 miles per hour, the engines indicate 42 horse 
power, and the slip of the screw is 14.7 per cent ; at 555 revo- 
lutions per minute the speed is 18j miles per hour and the 
slip of the screw 11.3 per cent ; at 600 revolutions per minute, 
the speed is over 20 miles per hour, and the engines indicate 
71 horse power. The displacement of the Miranda is 3.73 
tons running trim, with six persons aboard. Several yachts, 
built in imitation of the Miranda , both abroad and at home, 
have been equally successful ; notable examples are the 
Queen Mab, built at St Petersburgh, and the Continental, 
built in this country. The former boat is constructed almost 
wholly of Muntz metal, and the latter of steel. The fastest 
steam yacht in the world is the Oitana, built for the Baroness 
Rothschild by Messrs. Thornycroft, and now on Lake Geneva. 
The principal dimensions of this prodigy are as follows : 91ft. 
long, 13ft. Gin. beam ; engines compound, with three cylin- 
ders and injection condenser ; the high pressure cylinder is 
13.5in. diameter, and the two low-pressure cylinders are each 
15in. diameter ; the stroke of all is 16 inches. Boiler of the 
locomotive type, with copper fire box and brass tubes ; the 
working pressure of steam is one hundred pounds. On the 
trial trip 43 miles were run in one hour, 48 minutes and 22 
seconds equal to 23.89 miles per hour ! The boiler pressure 
was one hundred pounds to the square inch ; vacuum, an 
average of 24 inches, and indicated horse power 450 ; mean 
number of revolutions 318 per minute., Unfortunately the di- 
ameter and pitch of screw, displacement of boat, etc. . cannot 
be obtained. The New York Safety Steam Co. use the follow- 
ing formulas and have built some very successful boats : 
Length— 25ft., 28ft., 32ft., 38ft., 50ft., 60ft., 68ft., 75ft. 
Beam— 5ft. 8in., 5ft. 10., Gft. 4in., 7ft. Gin., 9ft., 10ft., lift., 
12ft. Draught— 2ft. 3in., 2ft. 4in., 2ft. 6in., 3ft. 2in., 3ft. Gin., 
4ft. 2in., 4ft. 8iu.,4ft. lOin. Diameter of Cylinder— 3in., 3 j 
in., 4in., 5 jin., 7in., 9in., lOin., 12in. Stroke— 5in., 5in., 
Gin., 7 in., 9in., 12in,, 12in., I2in. Diameter of screw— 2Gin., 
28in., 30in., 36in., 42in., 48 in., 54in., 56in. Pitch, 3ft., 3ft., 
3jft., 4ft.. , 6ft. , 6ft., 6ft., 7ft. Boiler. Diameter of shell — 28in., 
30in., 33in., 36in.. 4Gin., 50in., 54in., GOin. Height— 4oin., 
46in., 48in., 56in., 76in., 82in., 86in.,90in. Heating surface. — 
75 sq. ft., 90 sq. ft., 115sq. ft., 170 sq. ft., 246sq. ft.,;332sq. ft. , 
402 sq.ft., 504 sq. ft. Weight completed— l,5001bs.,' l,7001bs.. 
2, OOOlbs., 3, OOOlbs., 4,8001bs., 7,5001bs., 8,500lbs., lO.OOOlbs. 
The Flirt , built by Mr. II. S. Maxim, is a very successful 
small launch : length, 21ft.; beam, 4ft. 2in; depth, 21in ; one 
cylinder, 3j inches diameter, and three inches stroke ; steam 
ports, 2j inches by J inch ; engines make 700 revolutions per 
minute. Boiler, 26 inches long, and 20 inches diameter, of 
the return tubular type, constructed of 3-1G inch steel, with 
cylindrical furnaco 11 inches diameter and 1G inches long ; 
grate surface, 1 square foot ; heating surface, 34 square feet; 
tubes, 1 j inches diameter. The boiler is tested to 450 pounds 
to the square inch ; working pressure, 150 to 200 pounds ; 
screw, two bladed, eighteen inches diameter. Mean pitch, 2» 
in. Draft aft, loaded, 32io. Weight of boiler, 260Ibs. ; of 
engine, 751ba. ; weight of machinery, complete, 4001bs. ; speed, 
10 to 12 miles per hour. The Cinderella, built by Mr. W. Bax- 
ter, is 30 feet 10 inches long, 5 feet Sinch beam, and is 32 inch 
draught aft. The cylinder is 4 inchs diameter and 4 inches 
stroke; revolutions per minute, 325 with lOOlbs. of steam. 
Boiler upright, 22in. diameter and 36in. high ; furnace, l5in. 
high ; grate surface, 255 sq. in : boiler contains 87 tubes, ljin. 
diameter, and a superheater of one Sin. central globe, sur- 
rounded by 9 globes, 4in. diameter. The screw is. two-bladed, 
26in. diameter and 36in. pitch. Speed, 10 to i2 miles per 
hour. It is hoped that the above examples may be of use to 
some of the readers of Forest and Stream. Many more 
might be given, but the length of this article warns me to 
close. The subject demands a volume, which may at some 
time be undertaken. With the present paper Nauticus com- 
pletes the series on Boat and Yacht Building, and, for the 
present, bids the reader adieu. 
YACHTING NEWS. 
Nahant Regatta. — The Boston Yacht Club in conjunc- 
tion with the Dorchester, will hold a “Union” regatta off Nahant, 
Mass., June 17, at 11 a. m. Schooners will be divided iu two 
classes— the first comprising those over 40ft. of sailing length, 
the second those of less length. Sloops will be divided into 
four classes— the first for all over 40ft., sailing length; the 
second for all from 2Gft. to 40ft.; the third for all from 20ft. 
to 20ft., and the fourth for all under 20ft. Course for first 
class, 23 miles ; for second and third classes, lOj miles, and 
for fourth class, 7 miles. One prize will be given in each 
class, and a second if . four or more boats start. Ten minutes sl- 
owed for crossing the starting line, after that, lime to be counted 
from expiration of that period. Boston Y. C. measurement 
will be in force. Shifting ballast or heaving overboard any 
ballast not allowed. One man for each 5ft. of length only or 
fractional part thereof. Yachts, excepting fourth class sloops 
and cats may carry any sails. Rouse out those spiuuakers 
and let us have some lively seamanship for once ! The old 
fogic rule of limiting canvas excepting in Cornithiaa matches 
should be abolished altogether. First class yachts must carry 
a boat not less than 10ft. long. It would be a good plan to 
make smaller craft carry a circular life preserver over 
or near the stern where it can be cut adrift readily. The 
Regqfta Committee is a strong one, headed by Frank E. Pea- 
body as chairman, and this is a guarantee of a successful race, 
wind and weather permitting. Owing to the proximity of 
the metropolitan matches it is not likely that any New York 
craft will be able to get round the Cape to take part in the 
event. 
Seawanhaka Corinthian Match — It is not certain, we 
believe, where the peculiar designation “Corinthian" was 
originally devised, nor is its meaning to be interpreted exact- 
ly. The first use of the word in its present sense seems to 
date from the Corinthian Yacht Club, an organization which 
flourishes on the 60Uth coast of England. It is said of them 
that their title was derived from the hardy fishermen in the 
neighborhood, who used to race their boats and were styled 
in the local vernacular “Corinthians.” The yacht club in 
question, iu starting sailing matches, limited the boats’ crews 
to strictly amateur sailors, and, in imitation of their proto- 
types, the fishermen, soon became known as Corinthians like- 
wise, an appellation which was finally adopted by the club 
and incorporated in its title. From that date on the term 
seems suddenly to have sprung into popularity until at the 
present day it has come into universal application among 
yachting men as denoting crews composed of amateur sailors 
in lieu of professional tars. In America sailing matches with 
yachts manned from lay rauks reached back many years, 
though only among our smaller craft. Jib and mainsail and 
small sloop races were, we believe, carried on systemati- 
cally under stringent rules among some of the junior clubs of 
Boston and vicinity, and prizes 6et apart for helmsman and 
crew in orthodox Corinthian fashion. But it was not umil 
the Seawanhaka Yacht Club, at the time a young and enter- 
prising concern, took hold of the matter in earnest that Corin- 
thian yachting among the larger boats actually came into 
vogue. To that club justly belongs the credit of having 
taken the first decided step in the direction of popularizing 
the sport of yachting and of educating the rising generation 
to a full appreciation of the wonderful benefits and pleasure- 
able experiences to be had from “ paddling one’s own canoe.” 
The success that has attended their efforts was noteworthy 
from the very first, and to-day the Corinthian matches under 
their auspices are looked forward to with great anticipation 
by all who follow the sport with spirit and those who are 
are fortunate enough to be drafted into the amateur service 
for racing days. While it does not seem likely at present 
that we will see many of the larger yachts come to the start 
this season, the public is promised a lively match among the 
sloops. Among others, there will be Volante , Petrel, Midge, 
Julian and Blanche. If these crafts are fortunate enough to 
strike a brisk norther there will be just enough sea on to give 
them a fine test all around. Volante and Petrel are of the 
modified cutter type, and Julian is a centre-board sloop of 
heavy displacement, while the other two are light draught 
craft of the usual description. There will thus be represent- 
atives of all three types in the match, and the results will 
be most interesting to watch. In a very heavy sea we should 
pin our faith on Volante, in moderate weather on Petrel or 
Julian, and in light winds and smooth sea on one of the re- 
maining two. Julian is said to be sailing in fine form, and 
as this is the first time she will hoist racing colors, her debut 
will be closely watched. 
Regatta Association of South Carolina — Charleston, 
S. C. — After the rowing races the craft that were to parlici- 
E ate in the sailing races began to take position off of East 
attery, the starting point, and by 12 o’clock there were 
twenty-two boats in position, with mainsails up, ready and 
anxious for the start. There were four distinct courses to be 
run by the different classes, and the entries were as follows : 
For first-class yachts, thirty feet and over, distance twenty 
miles — Eleanor, 36ft. 6in., flag blue, Capt. Thos. Young ; 
Hattie (of Savannah), 30ft., flag white, Capt. A. W. Clark; 
Unnamed, 30ft., flag red, H. C. Cheves , Wildbird, 30ft., W. 
Lawton Mikell. Time allowance, lm. 30s. per foot, meas- 
ured on water line ; entrance fee, $5; prize, $75. 
Second-class yacht race ; distance, sixteen miles ; entrance 
fee, $3 , first prize, $40; second, $10. Time allowance, one 
minute per foot. Entries — Annie, 17ft., Robert Chisholm, 
Jr. ; EUa, 18ft., Wm. Trenliolm; Cideliee, 13ft. Gin., Frauk 
Porcher; Hector, 23ft., R. Mavwood; Madcap, 17ft., j. E. 
Mikell ; Uncle Peter, 23ft., R. Murphy ; Fleetwing (of Savan- 
nah), 21ft. Gin., Dr. Wm. Waring. First-class batlcau race; 
distance, twelve miles; eutrance fee, $2.50; prize, $30. 
Time allowance, oue minute per foot. Entries— Marion, 
21ft., M. L. Dear; Fox, 28ft., J. P. Duva ; Arctic, 22ft., M. 
A. Jones; Othello, 25lt., K. R. Middleton; Mary Ixiuina, 
21ft., C. Plaine; Arrxnc, 25ft., C. Becker; Josephine, 20ft.; 
Evangeline, 21ft. Scccrnl-class battcau race ; course same as 
for first-class batteaux; prize, $20. Entries— Petrel, 10ft., 
F. Joues; Bream, 17ft., R. Pinckney; (Hide, ltifl., W. II. 
Pinckney. At 12:15 precisely the slartiug guu for the first- 
class yachts was fired, and a gun at intervals of one minute to 
start the second- class yachts, and first and second-class bat- 
teaux. The wind had iucreused considerably since morniug, 
and was now blowing stillly from the northeast. The asso- 
ciation steamer Sappho, which was crowded with members of 
the Regatta Association and their friends, started with the 
racers. For the first three miles the four first-class yachts 
held well together, led however by the Eleanor, who had the 
advantage of her large sails. On noariug Sumter some very 
pretty sailing was done by the Wildbird, and she very soon 
wua on even terms with the Eleanor, who hail to luff and 
lose some little time in repairing her halyards, which had 
given way. The Hattie followed third, and the Unnamed 
was some distance astern. The wind now Increased almost 
to a gale, and the race became exciting. The second-class 
yachts and batteaux were clear in the distance. Soon after 
passing Sumter the Hattie, who held third position in the 
race, capsized, but a steamer was very near the scene of acci- 
dent, and rescued the fourteen composing the crew. Soon 
after this accident the Unnamed began to show signs of dis- 
tress, and it was discovered that she had shipped several 
heavy seas, owing to the loss of her tiller, und was almost in 
a siuking condition. Her crew succeeded iu bringing her up 
to the wind, and after bailing some time were enaulcd to sturt 
again. The Eleanor now led a little. The contest betwocu 
her and Wildbird was extremely exciting up to the very end, 
and after they had passed the stukeboat it was impossible to 
tell who had won, until reference was made to the terminal 
judge, who gave the official time as follows: Elearwr, first, 
3h. 19m.; Wildbird, second, 3h. 27m. The time ullowed the 
Wildbird by the Eleanor being 9m. 45s., the Wildbird wins tho 
race by lm. 46s. The Wildbird is owned by Mr. C. H. 
Glidden, and was built by P. MoGiehau, of New York, only 
a short time since. She is the prettiest yacht in our harbor, 
and her sailing in the race proves that she is one of. If not, 
the fastest. The second class yachts passed the stakeh oat in 
the following order : Hector first, Fleetwing and Annie. ’The 
Ella and Cidelise withdrew from tho race soon afler passing 
Fort Johnson, and the Madcap lost her mast just before reach- 
ing Sumter. The first-class batteaux race resulted aa follows : 
Arctic first, Fox second. The Marion and Arrow were com- 
pelled to drop out of the race owing to the heavy seas, and 
the Othello was capsized near Fort Ripley. Tho secoiul-clasH 
batteax came in as follows : Petrel first, Glide second, Dream 
third. Thus ended one of the most exciting regattas that 
Charleston has ever had. Ybnotb. 
Wisconsin Yachting. — Mmiison, June 3.— Several regalias 
will be held, tho first of which will be held this mouth, when 
the usual prizes will ho offered and the yacht club rules pre- 
vail. In July the annual regatta will be held. Our clubs aro 
now in active training for the purpose of taking paft in the 
Mississippi Valley Amateur Rowing Association, to be held nt 
Peoria, Illinois, June 19. Lake Mendota is fairly swarming 
with water craft from the unpretending row- boat to the mag- 
nificent steam yacht Mendota, which, by the way, is oue of 
the finest boats in Western waters. She is owned by Captain 
Freeman. The captain's boats for speed and safety cannot be 
surpassed. The latest improvement at his boat-house has 
been the addition of a telegraphic machine by which dis- 
patches may be sent therefrom to all part9 of the country. 
Rover. 
Viotobia-Fidgkt Match.— These two sloops, belongiug to 
the Central Hudson River Yacht Club, had beeu matched for 
some time by their owners and finally met on Juno G to sail 
over the regular club course twice around. The owners wore 
to sail the yachts themselves and were allowed a crew of six 
besides sailing master. No shifting of ballast was allowed. 
This latter rule was perhaps the most satisfactory feature of 
the programme, for as long as sand bags can be piled up to 
windward ad libitum, the yachts become more sailing ma- 
chines, and whatever the results, they aro of little value in de- 
termining the relative speeds of competitors, but represent 
rather an excess of brute force, coupled generally with reck- 
lessness on the part of the crew. Matches sailed with shifting 
ballast may be very interesting when considered in the light 
of mere betting or gamiog events, and serve the ends of ex- 
citement and physical exercise, but they cannot but be con- 
sidered as devoid of all elements of true seamanship and com- 
petition in scientific design. The race at New Hamburgh is a 
praiseworthy example of deference to tho nobler purposes of 
yachting when carried out in a true sporting spirit, and wo do 
not think that any one will consider the race between tho 
crack sloops Fidget and Victoria any the less impressive be- 
cause ballast was kept fast and models and seamanship had 
a fair show. Fidget was sailed by Commodore Irving Grinnel. 
and Victoria by Mr. Roosevelt, Mr. Van Wick acting as judge 
and Mr. A. Meyers as umpire. Both yachts stood to the 
westward, then, tacking, watched for a favorable slant and 
crossed the line as follows : Fidget, 10h. 42m.; Victoria, lOh. 
44m. 2s. Victoria held her wind well, and running up on 
Fidget's quarter, gave her a blanketing and left her ustern. 
The wind was blowing fresh, and when above IMarlborough 
the leading sloop was knocked down and had to be closely 
watched and luffed through. Victoria rounded the buoy with 
a good lead. It was now a leading wind for her, and canvas 
was noose- winged Bnd topsail set. When Fidget got round 
the upper buoy and her skipper gave her sheet and putting 
up his helm, her large area of canvas began to tell, and she 
lessened the gap, Victoria trimming aft (or the second thrash 
two minutes ahead of her rival. On the beut to the wind- 
ward the boats broke tacks and parted company. Off Jews 
Creek Fidget found the wind more from the westward, en- 
abling her to fetch the Rensselaer buoy in a single tack, while 
Victoria, off to leeward, had almost a dead beat of it. If this 
was not a streak of luck on the part of the Commodore it was 
certainly a fine piece of tooling, for he crossed the bows of 
Victoria to windward and bore up, rounding the upper buoy 
with a good lead that Bent joy to the hearts of Fidget's New 
Hamburgh backers. This lead she maintained round the Low 
Point buoy, and Victoria's running out of the wind for a while 
served to increase the gap between them. No sooner had the 
latter got down to her work again on the wind, than she again 
rapidly caught up to New Hamburgh's pet ; but the distant* 
